<p>I am writing a photo gallery/sharing website and want to (1) write EXIF data to the JPEGs stored on server, and (2) strip that EXIF data prior to writing to the output stream for display.</p>

<p>Is anyone aware of a dotNet library -- preferably open source -- that allows the editing (the key here is that I need to write/erase the EXIF data, not just read it) of EXIF data in image files?</p>

Check this libraries:
EXIFextractor
Photo Properties
A library to simplify access to image metadata
ExifWorks
EXIF tag Editor