<p>I've been looking into the viability of manufacturing a replacement part for a kitchen blender that has a broken part. I found <a href="https://all3dp.com/1/food-safe-3d-printing-abs-pla-food-safe-filament/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">this page that talks about what makes a print food safe</a>. One of the items mentioned was:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>... a brass extruder may contain lead, and lead contamination can cause some nasty health problems. ...</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I own an Ender 3, and I haven't replaced the nozzle yet. How can I tell if my printer is capable of creating food safe prints in its current state?</p>

Yes you have to change brass nozzle it contains lead.
If you are planning to print in PLA don't do that because  PLA filament we are using in 3D printer are not food safe it contains some nasty colour dyes which are not food safe. Consider some special food safe filaments available in market. I think extruder gears are also made up of brass. Consider also changing them.
Steel extuder gears are available in market like below