<p>Having been a PHP developer on LAMP servers for quite a while, is there anything that I will need to take into consideration while preparing an application for <em>IIS</em> on windows.</p>

Make sure you get the FastCGI extension for IIS 6.0 or IIS 7.0.  It is the single most important thing you can have when running PHP under IIS.  Also this article should get you setup:
http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/247/using-fastcgi-to-host-php-applications-on-iis-60/
Everything beyond this is simple, MySQL and what not.