<p>Would the following SQL statement automatically create an index on Table1.Table1Column, or must one be explicitly created?</p>

<p>Database engine is SQL Server 2000</p>

<pre><code>       CREATE TABLE [Table1] (
. . .
            CONSTRAINT [FK_Table1_Table2] FOREIGN KEY 
            (
                [Table1Column]
            ) REFERENCES [Table2] (
                [Table2ID]
            )

        )
</code></pre>

SQL Server will not automatically create an index on a foreign key.  Also from MSDN:
A FOREIGN KEY constraint does not have
  to be linked only to a PRIMARY KEY
  constraint in another table; it can
  also be defined to reference the
  columns of a UNIQUE constraint in
  another table. A FOREIGN KEY
  constraint can contain null values;
  however, if any column of a composite
  FOREIGN KEY constraint contains null
  values, verification of all values
  that make up the FOREIGN KEY
  constraint is skipped. To make sure
  that all values of a composite FOREIGN
  KEY constraint are verified, specify
  NOT NULL on all the participating
  columns.