<p>I had my printer printing fine when using the stock trigger switch as I used it to print the green bracket you see in the picture. </p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/6kxYw.jpg" rel="noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/6kxYw.jpg" alt="Photo of probe atached to hotend"></a></p>

<p>My problem now is when I do a print with the sensor, it moves to 0,0 position. However in this position the sensor is hanging off the bed hence there is nothing for it detect so it crashes into the bed.</p>

<p>As far as I can tell the nozzle is homing in the right place.</p>

<p>How do I tell Marlin the new minimum position it needs to be in so it doesn't crash into the bed?</p>

There are at least 2 options to address the problem that you have:
Adjust end-stops so that in 0,0 position Z-sensor would still hang above the printing table. This would reduce printing surface but allow perfect calibration
Mount extra metal plate at the table mount where it would not bump into printer parts and remain reachable for the sensor (perhaps with sensor relocation) when positioned at 0,0. This option requires extra space within table movement boundaries but saves printing surface.