# Final considerations  
Different social contexts reacted to contact in varying ways. Nevertheless, in all circumstances, African languages and cultures became, and have remained, a distinctive feature of Latin American identity, both in the Creole-speaking regions of Colombia and Haiti, and in the other countries. The most visible linguistic marks have been of a lexical nature, but we cannot exclude the contribution of African languages to the grammar of the local varieties of Spanish and Portuguese (Petter, 2011, p. 92).  
In Cuba and Brazil, the influence and prestige of African cultures is evident in the arts (music, dance) and, above all, religion. In these contexts, African languages are a code functioning, above all, as a nomenclature that has become a symbol of African identity and sanctity.  
It is difficult for today's linguists to recover data on the languages spoken by the African slaves. Nevertheless, lexical loans, along with the discovery of documents and information from historians, allow us to formulate hypotheses on the identity and use of African languages in the past, which can help clarify the current situation of these languages in Latin America. Most studies focus on investigating the contact between African languages and the vernaculars of regions where Creole languages are spoken (Palenquero in Colombia, Haitian Creole). Situations of contact that did not produce highly restructured varieties are nevertheless currently being studied in Brazil, as we have noted in the syntax studies developed by Negrão and Viotti $(2008,2011)$ and Avelar and Galves $(2013,2014)$.