Among the places whose strong African brand was (even up to today) revealed by eighteenth century toponymy, the neighbourhood of Mocambo in Lisbon stands out for its unprecedented and unique character at the European level. It is the African district of the capital, the sixth district of the city by royal charter of 1593, whose designation refers to Umbundu, one of the Angolan languages. Like the synonym quilombo, a term of the Quimbundu language also from Angola, which acquired in Brazil a unique historical dimension of African resistance to European colonization, mocambo designates a 'place of refuge', 'place of settlement', 'small village' or 'camp'. But Mocambo in Lisbon was, from the end of 1500 s, an urban space where Africans, both free and enslaved, were settled and where from the seventeenth century, they cohabited with the Portuguese, especially people linked to sea-related activities. Little by little, the Africans abandoned this urban space, following the seventeenth century measures of the Marquis of Pombal that prohibited the importation of enslaved Africans into the country and abolished slavery in Portugal in 1773. The disappearance of Mocambo in Lisbon was progressive and rapid, turning first into a street, then the Travessa do Mocambo in the nineteenth century, and disappearing in the second half of the 1800s (Henriques, 2009).