# Resistance  
The enslavement of Africans around the world was also marked by resistance against the enslavers. Resistance against slavery took on diverse forms, both violent and subtle, individual and collective. It included revolts, revolutions, the murder of slave-masters, flight and the formation of runaway communities, as well as magic spells, feigning illness, stealing and a long list of day-to-day resistance actions. Until the 1950s, enslaved people's revolts did not receive much scholarly attention. In recent decades however, they have received noteworthy attention, especially from scholars of the black Atlantic.  
In contrast with resistance in the Middle East, significant research has been done on examples of resistance in the Americas. The seventeenth-century quilombo (a settlement of fugitive slaves in Brazil) of Palmares is a case in point. Since the turn of the twentieth century, studies on Palmares have sought to understand the runaway community as a political entity. The advances in research on the history of Angola in the 1970s and 1980s led to new interpretations of the significance of Palmares. The internal organization of this quilombo was connected to political experiences in Angola before the arrival in Brazil of the main cluster of Africans who created the gigantic quilombo. This knowledge was essential for resistance and struggle against enslavement in Brazil (Hunold Lara, 2010; Nascimento, 1985).