The impact of so much mobilization cannot be detailed here, but there is now an extensive bibliography of sources detailing some of the advances and gains that have accrued to women through the rise of feminist organizing and its pervasiveness. Indeed, feminism of one form or another has come to pervade many arenas, across civil society and social movements, political and state structures, legal and policy making institutions, religious formations, social and educational spaces, as if it will indeed leave no stone unturned. Perhaps the most celebrated gains have been those evident in gender equality clauses in constitutions and the African Union's policy commitments, as well as in numerous legal reforms by national governments. It is perhaps only on the African continent that the highest level of governance - the African Union has responded to concerted feminist advocacy, with a series of new protocols and commitments. ${ }^{11}$  
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[^0]:    10 Feminist Africa Issue 6 'Diaspora Feminisms' was edited by Trinidadian feminist Rhoda Reddock, and a number of Africans have contributed to the Caribbean Feminist Review.
11 The Protocol on the African Charter on Human and People's Rights and the Rights of Women in Africa (the Maputo Protocol) of 2003 has been signed by 36/54 nations (as at July 2016), and is the most advanced statement on African women's rights. Furthermore, in 2003, a Diaspora Division was established at the African Union.