Finally, the need to provide new readings of racializations in the ArabMuslim world, which are often unavailable for comparative analysis, is addressed here by Salah Trabelsi in Genealogy of a discriminatory rhetoric in the classical Arab-Muslim world. His main objective is to answer the question: How did classical Arab writers describe the African world and what descriptions did they produce about the black man?  
Trabelsi makes a significant contribution to the field by showing how the construction of the blackness-enslaved nexus of the Atlantic had been previously articulated, with aswad (black) coming to replace the noun ' $a b d$ (slave). Likewise, he shows how, combined with the ethnic referent of Zendjī, (plural Zunūdj and feminine Zendjiyyāt), ethnic identity began signifying enslavement. His articulations of the economic nature of Arab slavery are also worth noting, as they link to other African diaspora texts, such as Eric