In 1996, the Revista Raça Brasil, a magazine in the style of the American Ebony, was founded, followed by others that promoted the 'black is beautiful'  
argument and informed Afro-Brazilians on arts, fashion styles, culture, and politics. Non-governmental organizations were set up to improve the education of Afro-Brazilians, in preparation for university studies, in what Anthony Fisher compared to developments in the United States of America during the civil rights movement (Fisher, 2003, pp. 9-11). More Afro-Brazilian academics had the opportunity to publish their research as publishers dedicated to black history and culture also started to appear.  
Many authors, such as Ahyas Siss, Otair Fernandes de Oliveira, Renato Noguera, and Maria Aparecida Bento, are continuously assessing the systems of racial inclusion from different perspectives. While the consensus is that there is still much work to be done and that it may in fact never end, the initial results of the 12 years of implementation of the first law applied to education have demonstrated what black intellectuals of the Frente Negra movement affirmed in the 1930s, namely, that education was the best way to improve social conditions and to fight inequalities. ${ }^{9}$  
The necessary debate over racial identity is also continuous, as part of the culture and politics that surround such a topic. Brazil has not yet reached a consensus about its racial identity, but the society has come to accept itself as multiracial, with great input from the African element and its culture. Even though the day the 'one-drop rule' is applied by Brazilians is still a far way off and will probably never come, there is no doubt that Brazil is not a racial paradise.  
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[^0]:    9 For a better understanding of the implementation of laws and measures of racial inclusion in education see: Carvalho, Noguera and Sales (eds) (2013), Bento (ed.) (2000), and Siss, Monteiro and Dupret (eds) (2011).