Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant passages that can help answer the question.
Query: What's the largest recorded squid?
The colossal squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni, from Greek mesos (middle), onycho (claw, nail), and teuthis (squid)), sometimes called the Antarctic squid or giant cranch squid, is believed to be the largest squid species in terms of mass. It is the only known member of the genus Mesonychoteuthis. It is known from only a few specimens, and current estimates put its maximum size at 12–14m (39–46ft) long and weighing possibly up to 750 kilograms (1,650lb),[3][4] based on analysis of smaller and immature specimens, making it the largest-known invertebrate.
The largest recorded specimen was captured in 2007 by a New Zealand fishing boat off Antarctica. It was initially estimated to measure 4.5m (15ft) in length and weigh 450kg (990lb). The squid was taken back to New Zealand for scientific study.[18] A study on the specimen later showed its actual weight was 495kg (1,091lb), but it only measured 4.2m (14ft) in total length as a result of the tentacles' shrinking post mortem.[19]
Taningia danae, the Dana octopus squid, is a species of squid in the family Octopoteuthidae. It is one of the largest known squid species, reaching a mantle length of and total length of . The largest known specimen, a mature female, weighed .
The squid exhibits abyssal gigantism. The beak of M.hamiltoni is the largest known of any squid, and more robust than that of the giant squid. The colossal squid also has the largest eyes documented in the animal kingdom; a partly collapsed specimen measured 27cm (11in) in diameter, with a 9cm (3.5in) pupil.[6][7] The eye was estimated to be 30 to 40 centimetres (12 to 16in) when the squid was alive.
Both the largest mollusks and the largest of all invertebrates (in terms of mass) are the largest squids. The colossal squid ("Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni") is projected to be the largest invertebrate. Current estimates put its maximum size at long and , based on analysis of smaller specimens. In 2007, authorities in New Zealand announced the capture of the largest known colossal squid specimen. It was initially thought to be and . It was later measured at long and in weight. The mantle was long when measured.
The squid giant synapse is a chemical synapse found in squid. It is the largest chemical junction in nature.
In 2015, after a 20 year break, Techno-Squid Eats Parliament reformed to release their follow up record, "We’re Back. What Did We Miss?"
I Shot Your Boyfriend b/w Sometimes Things [vinyl] (1994)
Major fishers of the Japanese flying squid are mainly Japan (with the highest usage and catch in tons), the Republic of Korea (with the second-greatest catch), and relatively recently, China. Within all countries where it is being fished, the squid is also exported to many other countries for consumption, with the United States being a top importer. Japan is the largest consumer (mainly due to sushi) and exporter of the Japanese flying squid. (See also surume)
In 2003, a large specimen of an abundant but poorly understood species, "Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni" (the colossal squid), was discovered. This species may grow to in length, making it the largest invertebrate. In February 2007, a New Zealand fishing vessel caught the largest squid ever documented, weighing and measuring around off the coast of Antarctica. Dissection showed that the eyes, used to detect prey in the deep Southern Ocean, exceeded the size of footballs; these may be among the largest eyes ever to exist in the animal kingdom.
Many aquatic molluscs are present in Antarctica. Bivalves such as "Adamussium colbecki" move around on the seafloor, while others such as "Laternula elliptica" live in burrows filtering the water above. There are around 70 cephalopod species in the Southern Ocean, the largest of which is the colossal squid ("Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni"), which at up to is among the largest invertebrate in the world. Squid makes up most of the diet of some animals, such as grey-headed albatrosses and sperm whales, and the warty squid ("Moroteuthis ingens") is one of the subantarctic's most preyed upon species by vertebrates.
Based on a 40-year data set of more than 50 giant squid ("Architeuthis dux") specimens, Roper & Shea (2013:114) suggest an average total length at maturity of and a "rarely encountered maximum length" of . Of the nearly 100 specimens examined by Clyde Roper, the largest was "46 feet (14 m) long" (Cerullo & Roper, 2012:22). O'Shea & Bolstad (2008) give a maximum total length of for females based on the examination of more than 130 specimens, measured "post mortem" and relaxed, as well as beaks recovered from sperm whales (which do not exceed the size of those found in the largest complete specimens). Steve O'Shea estimated the maximum total length for males at (O'Shea, 2003b). Charles G. M. Paxton performed a statistical analysis using literature records of giant squid specimens and concluded that "squid with a conservative TL of would seem likely based on current data" (Paxton, 2016a, b), but the study has been heavily criticised by experts in the field (Greshko, 2016).
The list of largest cephalopods by mantle length is dominated by squids, with more than twenty species exceeding the largest-bodied octopuses and cuttlefish. The largest of all is the colossal squid ("Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni") with an estimated maximum mantle length of (Roper & Jereb, 2010c:173). Even greater mantle lengths have historically been reported for the giant squid ("Architeuthis dux"), but these have been discredited (see O'Shea & Bolstad, 2008).
The giant squid (genus Architeuthis) is a deep-ocean dwelling squid in the family Architeuthidae. Giant squid can grow to a tremendous size due to deep-sea gigantism: recent estimates put the maximum size at for females and for males from the posterior fins to the tip of the two long tentacles (second only to the colossal squid at an estimated , one of the largest living organisms). The mantle is about long (more for females, less for males), and the length of the squid excluding its tentacles (but including head and arms) rarely exceeds . Claims of specimens measuring or more have not been scientifically documented.
In 1978, sharp, curved claws on the suction cups of squid tentacles cut up the rubber coating on the hull of the USS "Stein". The size suggested the largest squid known at the time.
Berryteuthis magister, also known as the magister armhook squid, commander squid or schoolmaster gonate squid, is a medium-sized squid in the family Gonatidae. It is found in cold, high latitude waters of the North Pacific where it is among the most numerous squid species recorded.
In November 2006, American explorer and diver Scott Cassell led an expedition to the Gulf of California with the aim of filming a giant squid in its natural habitat. The team employed a novel filming method: using a Humboldt squid carrying a specially designed camera clipped to its fin. The camera-bearing squid caught on film what was claimed to be a giant squid, with an estimated length of , engaging in predatory behavior. The footage aired a year later on a History Channel program, "MonsterQuest: Giant Squid Found". Cassell subsequently distanced himself from this documentary, claiming that it contained multiple factual and scientific errors.
The giant squid ("Architeuthis dux") was previously thought to be the largest squid, and while it is less massive and has a smaller mantle than the colossal squid, it may exceed the colossal squid in overall length including tentacles. One giant squid specimen that washed ashore in 1878 in Newfoundland reportedly measured in total length (from the tip of the mantle to the end of the long tentacles), head and body length , in diameter at the thickest part of mantle, and weighed about . This specimen is still often cited as the largest invertebrate that has ever been examined. However, no animals approaching this size have been scientifically documented and, according to giant squid expert Steve O'Shea, such lengths were likely achieved by greatly stretching the two tentacles like elastic bands.
Solórzano's velvet worm ("Peripatus solorzanoi") is the largest velvet worm known. An adult female was recorded to have a body length of 22 cm (approximately 8.7 in).
Ommastrephinae includes the largest species of squids belonging to the family Ommastrephidae, Humboldt squid ("Dosidicus gigas") which can grow to in mantle length (ML). It also contains the smallest squid species belonging to the family, the glass squid ("Hyaloteuthis pelagica") which has a mantle length of only up to . Ommastrephinae are mostly pelagic members of the family Ommastrephidae. All species of this subfamily contain photophores whose locations vary by species. Some species of the subfamily (notably "Sthenoteuthis" and "Ommastrephes") are known for their behavior of leaping out of the water (hence the common names 'flying squid').
The earliest records of very large squid date to classical antiquity, and the writings of Aristotle and Pliny the Elder (Gerhardt, 1966:171; Muntz, 1995; Ellis, 1998a:11). But in the absence of detailed descriptions or surviving remains, it is not possible to assign these to the giant squid genus "Architeuthis" with any confidence, and they are therefore not included in this list. Basque and Portuguese cod fishermen observed what were likely giant squid carcasses in the waters of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland as early as the 16th century (Roper "et al.", 2015:78), but conclusive evidence is similarly lacking. The earliest specimens identifiable as true giant squid are generally accepted to be ones from the early modern period in the 17th and 18th centuries (Ellis, 1994a:379), and possibly as far back as the 16th century (#1; Ellis, 1998a:257; Sweeney & Roper, 2001:[27]; Guerra "et al.", 2004a:428; though see Paxton & Holland, 2005).
The list includes records of giant squid (genus "Architeuthis") either supported by a physical specimen (or parts thereof) or—in the absence of any saved material—where at least one of the following conditions is satisfied: the specimen was examined by an expert prior to disposal and thereby positively identified as a giant squid; a photograph or video recording of the specimen was taken, on the basis of which it was assigned to the genus "Architeuthis" by a recognised authority; or the record was accepted as being that of a giant squid by a contemporary expert or later authority (whether due to the perceived credibility of the source, the verisimilitude of the account, or for any other reason).
In The New 52 (a reboot of the DC Comics universe), Squid is shown as a prisoner of Ex Nihilo. Squid escapes from his cage and agrees that he will help deal with Ex Nihilo's problems merely on principle, despite his great disdain for his "captor." When Nelson Jent wonders what his next move will be, Squid infiltrates the hospital and kills Darren Hirsch. Sensing something is wrong, Nelson heads to the phone booth and turns into Iron Snail. Upon arriving at the hospital, Nelson ends up fighting Squid in the hospital. Upon feeling his powers failing, Iron Snail escapes into an alley and escapes in a cab as Nelson. Meanwhile, Squid returns to the hospital and pays a visit to Dr. Wald (Ex Nihilo's alter-ego), who is hearing over the phone from Vernon Boyne that Nelson escaped in a cab. Squid explains that the snail-man was not quite what he seemed. Dr. Wald has Vernon Boyne tail him. Before leaving, the Squid warns that whatever is causing the string of comas is coming back, and that Squid needs it to come back.
God bless my sou'wester, there's Skipper John Chaffey
He's the best hand at squid-jiggin' here, I'll be bound
Hello! What's the row? Why, he's jiggin' one now
The very first squid on the squid-jiggin' ground.
The giant and colossal squids have the largest recorded eyes of any living animal, with a maximum diameter of at least and a pupil (Nilsson "et al.", 2012:683). This is three times the size of the largest fish eyes—up to in swordfish—and more than twice the diameter of the largest whale eyes—up to , , and in blue, humpback, and sperm whales, respectively—which are the largest among vertebrates (Nilsson "et al.", 2012:683). A large colossal squid caught in 2014 and dissected at the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa reportedly had eyes across (Farquhar, 2014). There are unconfirmed reports from the 19th century of giant squid eyes up to across (Land & Nilsson, 2012:86). Only the extinct ichthyosaurs are known to have approached these dimensions (Motani "et al.", 1999; Humphries & Ruxton, 2002), with some species having eyes up to in diameter (Nilsson "et al.", 2012:687).
One of the largest beaks ever recorded was on a 495-kilogram colossal squid. The beak had a lower rostral length of 42.5 millimeters. Many beaks have also been discovered in the stomachs of sperm whales, as the stomach juices dissolve the soft flesh of the squid, leaving the hard beaks behind. The largest beak ever discovered this way had a lower rostral length of 49 millimeters, indicating that the original squid was 600 to 700 kilograms.
The heaviest known cephalopod, and the largest living invertebrate, is the colossal squid. The largest recorded specimen of this species, caught in the Ross Sea in 2007, weighed . However, its beak is not the largest known from this species; even bigger colossal squid beaks have been recovered from the stomachs of sperm whales, indicating that this species can grow larger still.