Instruct: Given a question, retrieve documents that can help answer the question.
Query: When was MD Anderson founded?
MD Anderson was created by an act of the Texas Legislature in 1941, making it a part of The University of Texas System and was established by the National Cancer Act of 1971.[1] Today it is one of 49 Comprehensive Cancer Centers designated by the National Cancer Institute. The cancer center provided care for more than 137,000 patients in Fiscal Year 2017 and employs more than 20,000 people.[1]
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences formerly The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston (UT-GSBS) is a joint venture of the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center that offers Ph.D. and M.S. degrees in many areas of study; and a M.D./Ph.D. program in collaboration with The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, and it is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools through both its parent institutions, UTHealth and MD Anderson. It is located in the heart of the Texas Medical Center.
In return for assisting with the development and operation of the Madrid facility, MD Anderson Outreach Corporation has a small equity and share in profits. Neither MD Anderson Cancer Center nor MD Anderson Outreach Corporation has invested any actual dollars in the project.
Dr. Mohan was the Chairman of the Department of Radiation Physics at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and is currently a principal investigator at MD Anderson researching the optimization of proton therapy.
The cancer center is named after Monroe Dunaway Anderson, a banker and cotton trader from Jackson, Tennessee. He was a member of a business partnership with his brother-in-law Will Clayton. Their company became the largest cotton company in the world. Anderson feared that in the event of one of the partners' deaths, the company would lose a large amount of money to estate tax and be forced to dissolve. To avoid this, Anderson created the MD Anderson Foundation with an initial sum of $300,000. In 1939 after Anderson's death, the foundation received $19 million.
In addition to retail outlets, the Children’s Art Project attends off-site shows and holds trunk show events in private homes to introduce a community to MD Anderson and CAP. Products also are sold in MD Anderson gift shops and through consignees.
MD Anderson in Katy, on the campus of the Christus St. Catherine Hospital[38]
MD Anderson operates several other locations within the Houston area. They include:
Other clinical affiliations of CHI St. Luke's Health include The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center's Radiation Treatment Center and The University of Texas MD Anderson Regional Care Center. In 2006, its affiliation with Texas Children's Hospital began when CHI St. Luke's Health transferred its obstetrics unit to Texas Children's.
MD Anderson has had five full-time presidents in its history:
MD Anderson Surgical Clinic in Memorial City, on the campus of Memorial Hermann Memorial City Medical Center[40]
The Children's Art Project at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center is a non-profit initiative that benefits patients in the Children’s Cancer Hospital at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas. Marketing and sales of products based on the artwork of these young patients fund programs that support their educational, emotional and recreational needs.
MD Anderson League City, on the University of Texas Medical Branch League City campus[36]
Cooper University Hospital is one of three co-branded partner institutions of MD Anderson Cancer Center, which also include the Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center in Arizona and MD Anderson International in Spain. 
The MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper had over 6,500 new patient visits in 2016.
The Leapfrog Group for Pancreatic Surgery ranks MD Anderson Cooper number one in the state of New Jersey for safety in Pancreatic surgery.
The Children’s Art Project (CAP) started with an MD Anderson volunteer’s observation about the quality of a young cancer patients’ art being “as pretty as a Christmas card.” In 1973, a few volunteers began work on the project by selling the artwork as Christmas cards to MD Anderson employees.
In 2000 MD Anderson officials inaugurated MD Anderson International-España, its first international affiliation and Spain's first multidisciplinary full-service cancer center. Located in Madrid, the center offers access to many of the clinical trials offered at MD Anderson.
In addition, the MD Anderson Radiation Treatment Center in Istanbul at American Hospital is located in the Vehbi Koc Foundation (VKF) American Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey.[46]
MD Anderson Gynecologic Oncology Clinic in the Texas Medical Center, on the campus of The Woman's Hospital of Texas[41]
MD Anderson Services Corporation[48] (formerly MD Anderson Cancer Center Outreach Corporation[49]) was established in 1989 as a not-for-profit corporation to enhance revenues of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center by establishing joint ventures in selected markets, providing additional referrals to the institution, contracting for delivery of inpatient and out-patient management, using existing UT MD Anderson Cancer Center reference laboratory services, and fostering additional philanthropy in distant areas.
Banner Health partnered with The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (based at Texas Medical Center in Houston), consistently one of the two highest-ranked cancer centers by U.S. News & World Report, to build a $100 million cancer center in Gilbert, Arizona at Banner Gateway Medical Center. This facility opened in 2011 and offers outpatient services, including radiation treatment, diagnostic imaging, infusion therapy, cancer-specific clinics and support services. Banner Gateway provides inpatient care such as surgery, interventional radiology, and stem cell transplantation. In March 2014, a 103,000 square feet, $62 million expansion was completed to increase clinic space, infusion bays and radiation oncology facilities. Patients at Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center receive care based on the same protocols and practice standards provided at MD Anderson and benefit from integration with MD Anderson specialists in Houston. The new facilities were designed in collaboration with MD Anderson experts, ensuring state of the art equipment and treatment capabilities are in place. MD Anderson provides clinical direction for the cancer center which is the broadest extension of its services outside Houston.
MD Anderson in Sugar Land:, on the campus of St. Luke's Sugar Land Hospital[37]
By 2012, after a year’s national search and deliberation by UTHealth and MD Anderson Cancer Center, a dual deanship to provide overarching leadership and guidance was created for GSBS. The new deans are Michelle Barton, PhD, professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at MD Anderson Cancer Center, and Michael Blackburn, PhD, professor and vice chair in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at UTHealth Medical School.
MD Anderson Cancer Center Madrid is a venture between MDA Holding Spain, S.A., a Spanish investment consortium, and the MD Anderson Outreach Corporation, a health care organization created in 1989 to open and expand access to MD Anderson's internationally recognized standard of cancer care. Funding was provided by participants in Madrid.[31]
The MD Anderson Cancer Center bought the building in 1974. MD Anderson paid $18.5 million for the Prudential Building, which is located on a site.
Norcross currently serves as executive chairman of Conner Strong & Buckelew, a national insurance brokerage and employee benefits consulting firm based in Marlton, New Jersey and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is chairman of the board of trustees for Cooper Health System and Cooper University Hospital in Camden, New Jersey, and has served as a trustee since 1990. He led the effort to create the Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and to partner with the MD Anderson Cancer Center to create the MD Anderson Cooper Cancer Center. In October 2015, Norcross was named to the board of MD Anderson.