Instruct: Given a question, retrieve documents that answer the question.
Query: What was the largest dinosaur?
The sauropods were the largest and heaviest dinosaurs. For much of the dinosaur era, the smallest sauropods were larger than anything else in their habitat, and the largest were an order of magnitude more massive than anything else that has since walked the Earth. Giant prehistoric mammals such as Paraceratherium and Palaeoloxodon (the largest land mammals ever[8]) were dwarfed by the giant sauropods, and only modern whales surpass them in size.[9] There are several proposed advantages for the large size of sauropods, including protection from predation, reduction of energy use, and longevity, but it may be that the most important advantage was dietary. Large animals are more efficient at digestion than small animals, because food spends more time in their digestive systems. This also permits them to subsist on food with lower nutritive value than smaller animals. Sauropod remains are mostly found in rock formations interpreted as dry or seasonally dry, and the ability to eat large quantities of low-nutrient browse would have been advantageous in such environments.[10]
The Naturmuseum Senckenberg is a museum of natural history, located in Frankfurt am Main, It is the second largest of its type in Germany. The Senckenberg Museum is particularly popular with children, who enjoy the extensive collection of dinosaur fossils: Senckenberg boasts the largest exhibition of large dinosaurs in Europe. One notable exhibit is a dinosaur fossil with unique, preserved scaled skin. The museum contains a large and diverse collection of birds with 90,000 bird skins 5,050 egg sets 17,000 skeletons and 3,375 spirit specimens. In 2010, almost 517,000 people visited the museum.
Lanzhousaurus is a genus of dinosaur. "Lanzhousaurus" lived in the Gansu region of what is now China during the Early Cretaceous (Barremian). A partial skeleton has been recovered. It was described by You, Ji and Li in 2005 and the type and only species is Lanzhousaurus magnidens.
The genus has been described as having "astonishingly huge teeth", among the largest for any herbivorous creature ever, which indicate it was a styracosternan iguanodont. The mandible, longer than one meter, suggests a very large size for the animal. Tooth enamel of this dinosaur was growing very rapidly.
Alamosaurus (; meaning "Ojo Alamo lizard") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaurs, containing a single known species, Alamosaurus sanjuanensis, from the late Cretaceous Period of what is now southern North America. Isolated vertebrae and limb bones indicate that it reached sizes comparable to "Argentinosaurus" and "Puertasaurus", which would make it the largest dinosaur known from North America. Its fossils have been recovered from a variety of rock formations spanning the Maastrichtian age of the late Cretaceous period. Specimens of a juvenile "Alamosaurus sanjuanensis" have been recovered from only a few meters below the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary in Texas, making it among the last surviving non-avian dinosaur species.
In addition to Friedrich von Huene, Janensch was probably Germany's most important dinosaur specialist from the early and middle twentieth century. His most famous and significant contributions stemmed from the expedition undertaken to the Tendaguru Beds in what is now Tanzania. As leader of an expedition (together with Edwin Hennig) set up by the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, where he worked as a curator, Janensch helped uncover an enormous quantity of fossils of late Jurassic period dinosaurs, including several complete "Brachiosaurus" skeletons, then the largest animal ever known. During his long subsequent career (he worked in Berlin from 1914 to 1961), Janensch named several new dinosaur taxa including "Dicraeosaurus" (1914) and "Elaphrosaurus" (1920). Janensch's "Brachiosaurus" were later determined to belong to a distinct, related genus, "Giraffatitan".
The Indroda Dinosaur and Fossil Park in Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat, India,is a park which houses the fossilized remains and the petrified eggs of the dinosaurs. It is technically a man made fossil park and not the actual nesting grounds where the dinosaurs lived. The eggs and fossils on display here are actually from the world's 3rd largest dinosaur fossil excavation site and 2nd largest hatchery located at Raiyoli, Balasinor, Gujarat. The Park was set up by the Geological Survey of India and is the only dinosaur museum in the country.
Yutyrannus (meaning "feathered tyrant") is a genus of tyrannosauroid dinosaurs which contains a single known species, Yutyrannus huali. This species lived during the early Cretaceous period in what is now northeastern China. Three fossils of "Yutyrannus huali"—all found in the rock beds of Liaoning Province—are currently the largest-known dinosaur specimens that preserve direct evidence of feathers.
Paleontologists' knowledge of the structure of dinosaur eggs is limited to the hard shell. However, it can be inferred that dinosaur eggs had an amnion, chorion, and an allantois, the three major membranes in modern bird and reptile eggs. Dinosaur eggs vary greatly in size and shape, but even the largest dinosaur eggs ("Megaloolithus") are smaller than the largest known bird eggs, which were laid by the extinct elephant bird. Dinosaur eggs range in shape from spherical to highly elongated (some specimens three times longer than they are wide). Some elongated eggs are symmetrical, whereas others have one rounded end and one pointed end (similar to bird eggs). Most elongated eggs were laid by theropods and have an avian-like eggshell, whereas the spherical eggs typically represent non-theropod dinosaurs.
The town lies on the edge of what is called the Eromanga Inland Sea, which existed in the Early Cretaceous. The Eromanga region has abundant oil wells and opal mines. There are also agricultural industries such as cattle and sheep as many pioneering property owners came and took up land in the 1860s. Dinosaur fossils, including Australia's largest dinosaur a titanosaur species of sauropod, have also been found here making it an area of interest for palaeontologists. It is located on what was Ngandangara territory.
The local geology and the desert climate made it possible to discover a number of important fossil sites in the area, including China's largest cluster of fossilized dinosaur tracks and China's largest dinosaur.
Important dinosaur sites are associated with the Lianmuqin Formation (named after Lianmuqin Town) and the Subashi Formation (named after Subashi Village () in Tuyugou Township (). The Shanshanosaurus is named after Shanshan.
The "World's Largest Dinosaur" is the name of a model "Tyrannosaurus rex" located in the town of Drumheller in the Canadian province of Alberta. Built of fiberglass and steel, has a height of and a length of , considerably larger than the largest known specimens of the actual dinosaur which reached up to in length, and was up to tall at the hips. The dinosaur was built while former mayor Phil Bryant was in his term. 
While dinosaurs were ancestrally bipedal, many extinct groups included quadrupedal species, and some were able to shift between these stances. Elaborate display structures such as horns or crests are common to all dinosaur groups, and some extinct groups developed skeletal modifications such as bony armor and spines. While the dinosaurs' modern-day surviving avian lineage (birds) are generally small due to the constraints of flight, many prehistoric dinosaurs (non-avian and avian) were large-bodied—the largest sauropod dinosaurs are estimated to have reached lengths of and heights of and were the largest land animals of all time. Still, the idea that non-avian dinosaurs were uniformly gigantic is a misconception based in part on preservation bias, as large, sturdy bones are more likely to last until they are fossilized. Many dinosaurs were quite small: "Xixianykus", for example, was only about long.
Dinosaur World, earlier known as John Agar's Land of Kong and " Farwell's Dinosaur Park", was a tourist attraction in Beaver, Arkansas. It was a theme park covering , which contained a hundred life-size sculptures of dinosaurs, cavemen, and other prehistoric creatures as well as the world's largest Noah's Ark Mural painted by local artist Will Johnson. The park closed in 2005. It was the largest dinosaur park in the world.
The largest carnivorous dinosaur was "Spinosaurus", reaching a length of , and weighing 7–20.9 tonnes (7.7–23 short tons). Other large carnivorous theropods included "Giganotosaurus", "Carcharodontosaurus" and "Tyrannosaurus". "Therizinosaurus" and "Deinocheirus" were among the tallest of the theropods. The largest Ornithischian dinosaur was probably the hadrosaurid "Shantungosaurus" which measured and weighed about .
A dinosaur park usually refers to a theme park in which several life-size sculptures or models of prehistoric animals, especially dinosaurs are displayed. The first dinosaur park worldwide was Crystal Palace Dinosaurs, which opened in London in 1854. From 1977–1991 the largest dinosaur park in Europe was the Traumlandpark in Bottrop-Kirchhellen. The two biggest dinosaur theme parks in Germany today are the Dinosaur Park at Münchehagen (Dinopark) and the Dinosaur Park at Kleinwelka with its neighbouring dinosaur garden of Großwelka. In addition there are also individual models in the open air as well as various dinosaur museums. Other dinosaur parks are listed below:
Lebanon
Roadside Dinosaurs (http://www.roadarch.com/dinos/main.html)
Dinosaurs Alive! is an animatronic dinosaur themed area located at several Cedar Fair parks. Kings Island was the first park to open the attraction in 2011, while the other parks opened their attraction in 2012 or 2013. The version of this attraction at Kings Island is the world's largest animatronic dinosaur park. A $5–6.00 fee is charged to enter the attraction. At Kings Island, Worlds of Fun, Carowinds and Kings Dominion, admission is free with a Gold or Platinum Pass. Each park also features "Dinostore", a gift shop filled with dinosaur toys and souvenirs.
Some facts about the World's largest dinosaur from the fact sheet available at the Drumheller Information Center:
2011 – Dinosaurs Alive!, the world's largest animatronic dinosaur park, opens. Trick-or-Treat with the Dinosaurs was introduced. New water park expansion and name was announced. Fast Lane was also introduced.
The Two Medicine Dinosaur Center is a 501(c)(3) non-profit and educational institute located in Bynum, Montana that opened in 1995. It is part of the Montana Dinosaur Trail and home to a skeletal model of what is believed to be the world's largest dinosaur, a seismosaurus.
The center also houses the first baby dinosaur bones collected in North America - the original discovery reported by paleontologist John R. Horner.
Antarctosaurus (; meaning "southern lizard") is a genus of titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now South America. The type species, "Antarctosaurus wichmannianus", was described by prolific German paleontologist Friedrich von Huene in 1929, who also described a second species in 1929. Three additional species of "Antarctosaurus" have been named since then but later studies have indicated that none of these pertain to "Antarctosaurus. Antarctosaurus giganteus," the second species, is also considered dubious but it's remains represent one of the largest dinosaurs known.
The largest of the finds from the Coast of Dinosaurs are: the footprint of a theropod dinosaur of length, the smallest ichnites of sauropod dinosaurs of about length. Collections in the museum from the coastal finds also include 255 specimens of dinosaur ichnites. Martin Lockley, Palaeontologist of the University of Colorado Denver states that “the collection of ichnites of the MUJA represents one of the most complete worldwide”.
The Zigong Dinosaur Museum () is located near the city of Zigong, Sichuan, China, in the township of Dashanpu. The museum sits on top of a large concentration of a diverse dinosaur assemblage from the Dashanpu Formation. The museum claims the largest number of dinosaur fossils in the world and covers 25,000 square meters with a display area of 3,600 square meters. It attracts up to seven million visitors a year.
Tom Sutcliffe of "The Independent" found "Planet Dinosaur" to be visually "polished and jazzed up" but that the "knowledge and science generally take second place to B-movie spectacle".
Brian Switek from the Smithsonian Science blog "Dinosaur Tracking" commented, "What sets "Planet Dinosaur" apart, and what I enjoyed most, is the fact that a modicum of science is woven into each episode to back up the different vignettes being presented." He also added "...[while] "Planet Dinosaur" is not that perfect dinosaur documentary that we have all been hoping for, it is still far better than just about anything that I have seen lately."
In theropod dinosaurs, the antorbital fenestra is the largest opening in the skull. Systematically, the presence of the antorbital fenestra is considered a synapomorphy that unites tetanuran theropods as a clade. In contrast, most ornithischian dinosaurs reduce and even close their antorbital fenestrae such as in hadrosaurs and the dinosaur genus "Protoceratops". This closure distinguishes "Protoceratops" from other ceratopsian dinosaurs.
The appeal of dinosaurs, as suggested by author, researcher, and dinosaur enthusiast Donald F. Glut, has multiple factors. Dinosaurs were "monsters," yet are safely extinct, allowing for vicarious thrills. They appeal to the imagination, and there are many ways to approach them intellectually. Finally, they appeal to adults nostalgic for what they enjoyed as children. Children have been particularly drawn to dinosaurs over the years.