Instruct: Given a question, retrieve passages that answer the question.
Query: What is Japan's number one crop?
The most striking feature of Japanese agriculture is the shortage of farmland. The 49,000 square kilometres (19,000sqmi) under cultivation constituted just 13.2% of the total land area in 1988. However, the land is intensively cultivated. Rice paddies occupy most of the countryside, whether on the alluvial plains, the terraced slopes, or wetlands and coastal bays. Non-paddy farmland share the terraces and lower slopes and are planted with wheat and barley in the autumn and with sweet potatoes, vegetables, and dry rice in the summer. Intercropping is common: such crops are alternated with beans and peas.
Today, as was also true in the past, there is a wide range of opinion as to what differentiated a plantation from a farm. Typically, the focus of a farm was subsistence agriculture. In contrast, the primary focus of a plantation was the production of cash crops, with enough staple food crops produced to feed the population of the estate and the livestock. A common definition of what constituted a plantation is that it typically had or more of land and produced one or two cash crops for sale. Other scholars have attempted to define it by the number of slaves that were owned.
The following is a list of 2019 box office number-one films in Japan by week. When the number-one film in gross is not the same as the number-one film in admissions, both are listed.
Crop acreage base is a crop-specific measure equal to the average number of acres planted (or considered planted) to a particular program crop for a specified number of years. The crop-specific nature of this measurement was important prior to the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127), which adopted an inclusive measure of base acreage and allowed planting flexibility among the program crops. The sum of the crop acreage bases for all program crops on a farm could not exceed the farm acreage. The acreage base was used in determining the number of acres a farmer, under an acreage reduction program, had to remove from normal crop production and devote to conserving uses in order to be eligible for USDA price and income supports.
The following is a list of number-one singles on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 chart in 2017. Koi successfully reached Japan's Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2017, by reaching number-one for 11 non-consecutive weeks.
The following is a list of 2004 box office number-one films in Japan. When the number-one film in gross is not the same as the number-one film in admissions, both are listed.
The is a late Japanese Paleolithic settlement located in the former town of Kawaguchi in what is now part of the city of Nagaoka, Niigata in the Hokuriku region of Japan. It was found to contain one of the largest number of stone tools of any site thus far discovered in Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2004.
The main problem with the BaYMV, or any cereal virus for that matter, is that it is an important cash crop for a number of different uses. Some examples include animal feed, beer and alcohol production, and a number of other essential items. This valuable resource has suffered tremendous losses due to the barley yellow mosaic virus. Numbers have reached upwards of 50% yield loss in the United Kingdom at times, and up to 80% yield loss in Japan. This would equate to losing 255 million dollars in one year in the UK, and even more in Japan if barley yields remain steady. The most significant problems can be found in Eastern Asia and the United Kingdom.
The following is a list of 2018 box office number-one films in Japan by week. When the number-one film in gross is not the same as the number-one film in admissions, both are listed.
Japan has not approved any commodity GM crops to be grown in Japan, but does allow import of agricultural products made from GM crops and food made of imported GM ingredients. Japan does however allow cultivation of GM flowers (e.g. Blue roses).
On May 11, Noul impacted the Ryukyu Islands of Japan as a weakening typhoon. The Yaeyama Islands experienced unexpectedly strong winds, with Ishigaki measuring its highest sustained winds during May on record at ; records there began in 1897. To the east, sustained winds of and gusts to were observed on Shimoji-shima. Across Okinawa, the storm's high winds and waves damaged crops, accounting for ¥2.8 billion (US$23.3 million) in crop damage. Most of the crop damage occurred in the Miyako District, where the storm also caused power outages. On Tokunoshima island, the storm damaged 13 houses and injured six people. The typhoon also caused 47 flights to be canceled, stranding 4,300 people. Noul dropped heavy rainfall across Japan that set daily May records, including on Ishigaki Island. Rainfall also spread into the main islands of Japan, reaching in the Tōkai region. One person in Kyoto sustained significant injuries after falling amid high winds. The storm also delayed oil shipments from Japan's oil refineries.
"Cochliobolus miyabeanus" is an important plant pathogen because it causes a common and widespread rice disease that causes high level of crop yield losses. It was a major cause of the Bengal famine of 1943, where the crop yield was dropped by 40% to 90% and death of 2 million people was recorded. It is a possible agroterrorism weapon. It was used as biological anti-crop weapon that aimed to attack staple crops of specific places. United States treated this pathogen as a biological weapon when attacking Japan during the Second World War; "Cochliobolus miyabeanus" was used as the biological anti-crop agent that attacked staple foods in Japan, which was rice. Other known severe crop loss cases caused by "Cochliobolus miyabeanus" are globally distributed. In the Philippines, rice seedling mortality rate records up to 60%. In India and Nigeria, it can reduce total crop yield by up to 40%. Similar losses are observed in Suriname and Sumatra.
This is a list of number one singles on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 chart in Japan in 2011. The week's most popular songs in Japan, ranked by the Hanshin Corporation and based on radio airplay measured by Plantech and sales data as compiled by SoundScan Japan.
Her single "Love Hurts" with Japanese rapper Coma-Chi debuted at number one on her birthday in 2010, becoming her first number one single in Japan. The second single "The Right Way" was released worldwide the day before (27 July). Later, "The Right Way" was released in Japan as well and ranked number one on "Japan's Western Rekochoku Ringtone Charts". It became Keli's second number one single.
The liberalization also implied the freedom for farmers to crop what they want and consequently to practice multiple cropping, eventually being less reliant on the growth of only one crop and the variations in the market prices of those ones. Farmers are more likely to secure their income and consequently gain access to food and other basic necessities.
This is a list of number one singles on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 chart in Japan in 2012. The week's most popular songs in Japan, ranked by the Hanshin Corporation and based on radio airplay measured by Plantech and sales data as compiled by SoundScan Japan.
This is a list of number one singles on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 chart in Japan in 2013. The week's most popular songs in Japan, ranked by the Hanshin Corporation and based on radio airplay measured by Plantech and sales data as compiled by SoundScan Japan.
When Bingiza made its first Madagascar landfall, it became the first cyclone to strike the country in the cyclone season. It first moved through the Masoala National Park, a sparsely-populated protected region with significant numbers of trees. In Vinanivao, located along the Masoala peninsula, the cyclone destroyed half of the buildings as well as the roads and bridges, leaving it only accessible by boat. The cyclone affected five districts, primarily Mananara Nord. There, an early report indicated that 80% of the houses were destroyed, along with one hospital and four other health facilities. The high winds caused heavy crop damage, including to rice and banana, which left minimal food supplies in some areas. The vanilla crop was also severely affected, and the mayor of Mananara was uncertain whether any of the crop could be harvested. Bingiza struck at what one relief worker described as the "worst time of year for a cyclone", because many farmers were unable to replant their damaged crops. The cyclone damaged 40% of the food crops and 10% of the cash crops in Manambolosy, as well as 70% of the food crops in Antanambaobe. Overall, the cyclone destroyed 405.23 km (156.46 mi) of rice fields, as well as 101.67 km (39.26 mi) of other crops. The cyclone also damaged the road infrastructure in Mananara, which made it difficult to transport fish in the region to other areas of the country. The resulting crop and road damage resulted in increased food prices.
The single fared better through digital outlets in Japan, peaking at the top spot on the Recochoku Ringtone Charts and Japan's iTunes Store chart. It debuted at number 44, number 48, and number six on the Japan Hot 100 chart, Radio Songs Chart, and Hot Singles Sales chart, all hosted by "Billboard". The track entered the top ten in its second week for the first two charts, whilst it slipped to 19 on the latter. In the wake of the 2016 Summer Olympics, the single rose to number three, number two, and number 14 on all three charts respectively. The B-side track "Show Me What You've Got" reached number 95 on the Japan Hot 100 chart for a sole week.
Some cover crops are used as so-called "trap crops", to attract pests away from the crop of value and toward what the pest sees as a more favorable habitat (Shelton and Badenes-Perez 2006). Trap crop areas can be established within crops, within farms, or within landscapes. In many cases the trap crop is grown during the same season as the food crop being produced. The limited area occupied by these trap crops can be treated with a pesticide once pests are drawn to the trap in large enough numbers to reduce the pest populations. In some organic systems, farmers drive over the trap crop with a large vacuum-based implement to physically pull the pests off the plants and out of the field (Kuepper and Thomas 2002). This system has been recommended for use to help control the lygus bugs in organic strawberry production (Zalom et al. 2001). Another example of trap crops are nematode resistance white mustard ("Sinapis alba") and radish ("Raphanus sativus"). They can be grown after a main (cereal) crop and trap nematodes, for example the beet cyst nematode and Columbian root knot nematode. When grown, nematodes hatch and are attracted to the roots. After entering the roots they cannot reproduce in the root due to a hypersensitive resistance reaction of the plant. Hence the nematode population is greatly reduced, by 70-99%, depending on species and cultivation time.
At the close of World War Two, the U.S. planned to attack Japan's food supply with anti-crop chemical agents and by July 1945 had stockpiled an amount of chemicals "sufficient to destroy one-tenth of the rice crop of Japan." However, logistical problems would have reduced that estimate.
"What It Is to Burn" charted at number 99 on the "Billboard" 200 and number 1 on the Heatseekers Albums charts. It also charted at number 177 in the UK. "Letters to You" charted in the UK at number 39. "What It Is to Burn" charted at number 15 on the Alternative Songs chart and number 35 on the Mainstream Rock chart. By April 2003, the album had sold over 200,000 copies in the US. By October 2007, the album had sold over 400,000 copies. "Metal Hammer" ranked the album at number 17 on their best of 2002 albums list. Shezhaad Jiwani of "Chart Attack" said the album was one of emo's landmark releases, leading the genre alongside albums by Glassjaw and the Used. In 2013, the group celebrated the album's 10th anniversary by performing it in its entirety. It was initially for one show, before being expanded to two US tours, a European tour, and performances in Japan and Australia. The album has been a massive influence on Saosin's "Saosin" (2006), Young Guns' "All Our Kings Are Dead" (2010), A Day to Remember's "What Separates Me from You" (2010), D.R.U.G.S.'s "D.R.U.G.S." (2011), and The Amity Affliction's "Chasing Ghosts" (2012).
ICAO also assigns 3-letter airline codes (versus the more-familiar 2-letter IATA codes—for example, UAL vs. UA for United Airlines). ICAO also provides telephony designators to aircraft operators worldwide, a one- or two-word designator used on the radio, usually, but not always, similar to the aircraft operator name. For example, the identifier for Japan Airlines International is JAL and the designator is Japan Air, but Aer Lingus is EIN and Shamrock. Thus, a Japan Airlines flight numbered 111 would be written as "JAL111" and pronounced "Japan Air One One One" on the radio, while a similarly numbered Aer Lingus would be written as "EIN111" and pronounced "Shamrock One One One". In the US, FAA practices require the digits of the flight number to be spoken in group format ("Japan Air One Eleven" in the above example) while individual digits are used for the aircraft tail number used for unscheduled civil flights.
There are numerous factors that must be taken into consideration when planning a crop rotation. Planning an effective rotation requires weighing fixed and fluctuating production circumstances: market, farm size, labor supply, climate, soil type, growing practices, etc. Moreover, a crop rotation must consider in what condition one crop will leave the soil for the succeeding crop and how one crop can be seeded with another crop. For example, a nitrogen-fixing crop, like a legume, should always precede a nitrogen depleting one; similarly, a low residue crop (i.e. a crop with low biomass) should be offset with a high biomass cover crop, like a mixture of grasses and legumes.
Controversy struck again in August 2005 when Erich von Däniken decided to have a special exhibition on crop-circles and also a hoaxing-competition. Due to the fact that no school classes nor hoaxers replied to the competition, land surveyor and artist Vitali Kuljasov was asked to create a complex crop circle. The creation of the crop-circle would be caught on surveillance that was set up at the park to document the work of Vitali Kuljasov. The webcam was set up the night before the event was to take place in order to test the position and clarity for the big event. This is when a mysterious formation appeared. Investigators came to Mystery Park to make sense of what had taken place. Very experienced field investigators examined the crop-circle and concluded it was obviously man-made due to amateur mistakes and a crooked performance. However, there was disagreement between one investigator who did not believe the crop-circle was done by a human hoaxer and blamed the "mistakes" on people coming to view it. Investigators then used the webcam that was testing the night the crop circle "appeared" in order to gather more information. The web-cams showed little about what went on that night due to the darkness and camera angles but the biggest pieces of evidence found were the appearance of car headlights coming and leaving around the time the crop-circle was estimated to have "appeared". There was also one person pressed into the field that night which disproved the idea that multiple guests could have made the crop-circle appear to be manmade. Investigators did not find who was behind this hoax but they concluded it was created by human hoaxers.