Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant documents that can help answer the question.
Query: Where is Kharkov?
Kharkiv (Ukrainian: Ха́рків, romanized:Chárkiv, pronounced[ˈxɑrkiu̯]),[6] also known as Kharkov (Ха́рьков) from Russian, is the second-largest city in Ukraine.[7] In the northeast of the country, it is the largest city of the Slobozhanshchyna historical region. Kharkiv is the administrative centre of Kharkiv Oblast and of the surrounding Kharkiv Raion, though administratively it is incorporated as a city of oblast significance and does not belong to the raion. Population: 1,439,036(2017 est.)[8]
Kharkov was one of the largest industrial centers of the Soviet Union. One of its greatest contributions was the Soviet T-34 tank that was both designed and developed at the Kharkov Tractor Factory. It was considered to be the most powerful tank plant in the country. Other factories that were located in the city included the Kharkov Aircraft Plant, Kharkov Plant of the NKVD (FED), and the Kharkov Turbine Plant. Military products that were in Kharkov before the battle started included: tanks, Su-2, artillery tractors, 82 mm mortars, sub-machine guns, ammunition, and other military equipment. 
The main objective for the German troops was to capture the railroad and military factories, thus they desperately tried to keep the industrial area of Kharkov intact. Adolf Hitler himself stressed the importance of those military plants stating: "… The second in importance is south of Russia, particularly the Donets Basin, ranging from the Kharkov region. There is the whole basis of [the] Russian economy; if the area is mastered then it would inevitably lead to the collapse of the entire Russian (sic - Soviet) economy…"
Valery Ivanovich Mezhlauk was born February 7, 1893, in Kharkov in the Kharkov Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Ukraine), one of five sons of an ethnic Latvian nobleman, a teacher, and German mother. In 1914 he earned a degree in history and philology and in 1917 a degree in jurisprudence from Kharkov University, where he also taught from 1913 to 1916. He joined the revolutionary movement and became a member of RSDRP in 1907 and of the Communist Party or VKP(b) in July 1917.
In 1927 he moved to Kharkov, where he was engaged in scientific work at the mathematical department of the university, and then in the rank of professor for 12 years headed the chair of mathematics at the Kharkov Electrotechnical Institute. During this time he wrote a number of works on the specialty.
Kharkov competed for the Soviet Union at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul where he received gold medals in "floor exercises" and in "team all-around".
In 2003, Alexander Dovbiy held in the FC Sokol Saratov, and then returned to Ukraine where he was a coach of FC Zarya in Lugansk was. He helped the club to stay in the A league. In 2005, Alexander Dovbiy returned to Kharkov, where he was a football manager in FC Kharkov-2 and FC Hazovyk-KhGV Kharkiv that play in the B league. In 2009, he worked in the Moldovan club FC Zaria Bălți, but in June left the coaching position.
The Wehrmacht flanked, encircled, and defeated the Red Army's armored spearheads south of Kharkov. This enabled Manstein to renew his offensive against the city of Kharkov proper on 7 March. Despite orders to encircle Kharkov from the north, the SS Panzer Corps instead decided to directly engage Kharkov on 11 March. This led to four days of house-to-house fighting before Kharkov was recaptured by the 1st SS Panzer Division on 15 March. The German forces recaptured Belgorod two days later, creating the salient which in July 1943 would lead to the Battle of Kursk. The German offensive cost the Red Army an estimated 90,000 casualties. The house-to-house fighting in Kharkov was also particularly bloody for the German SS Panzer Corps, which had approximately 4,300 men killed and wounded by the time operations ended in mid March.
Around that time, by recommendation of one of his teachers, Andreev was invited for PhD studies to the University of Kharkov. He accepted and from January 1874 began teaching university courses there. In February 1875, he defended his PhD "On a geometric formation of planar curves" and was promoted to a full-time lecturer. At the end of 1876, Andreev was sent for practice to Europe for one and half years. He spent that time mostly in Berlin and Paris, where he prepared his habilitation work "On the geometric correspondences, as applied to the problem of constructing curves". He defended that work in Moscow in February 1879 and was soon appointed as full professor of the Kharkov University, as well as of Kharkov Technology Institute. 
The battle is usually referred to as the Fourth Battle of Kharkov by the Germans and the Belgorod–Kharkov Strategic Offensive Operation by the Soviets. The Soviet operation was executed in two primary axis, one in the Belgorod-Kharkov axis and another in the Belgorod-Bogodukhov axis.
Beketov's biggest merit was his contribution into physical chemistry as an independent science. In 1860, he taught a course on "Relations between physical and chemical phenomena" in Kharkov and a course on "Physical Chemistry" in 1865. In 1864, a Physical Chemistry Department in Kharkov University was established with his active participation, where students would conduct research and do practical 
work.
On 19 May 1914, he was appointed to the Kharkov and Akhtyrka cathedra. After the February 1917 Revolution, he was forced to ask for retirement because of poor relations with the new authorities in his area and the discontent of certain members of his clergy. On 1 May 1917, he was retired and assigned to the Valaam Monastery, where he wrote his book "The Doctrine of Redemption," which later caused controversy among Orthodox theologians. In August 1917 he was again elected Archbishop of Kharkov by the Diocesan council of Kharkov.
Kharkov Mathematical Society was established in 1879 at Kharkov University by the initiative of 
Vasilii Imshenetskii, who also later founded the St. Petersburg Mathematical Society.
According to the statute of the society, "the aim of the Kharkov Mathematical Society was to support the development of mathematical science and education".
From 1885 to 1902 in Kharkov lived and worked an outstanding Russian mathematician Aleksandr Lyapunov. 
During this period, Lyapunov's activities played an important role in the development of the Society. 
From 1902 to 1906, the Kharkov Mathematical Society was headed by Vladimir Steklov,
the outstanding student of Aleksandr Lyapunov, 
who later organized and became the first director of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow.
Sergei Kharkov AKA Sergej Charkov (born November 17, 1970) is a Russian gymnast, Olympic champion and world champion. He competed for the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation before immigrated to Germany where he won the national championship 8 times. After his retirement from competition he coaches the TG Saar gymnastics team in Saarbrücken and performs in sport shows. Kharkov is married with 2 children and lives in Dillingen, Germany.
Born in Kharkov into a teacher's family, Sinelnikov debuted on stage in 1874, as a member of the Kharkov-based Nikolai Dyukov's troupe. He moved on to work in Zhitomir (1875—1877), Nikolayev (1877—1878), Stavropol (1878—1880), Vladikavkaz (1880—1881) and Kazan, where in 1882 he debuted as a stage director with "The Wild Girl" by Alexander Ostrovsky and Nikolai Solovyov.
Rubinstein was born into one of Russia's richest families, to Jewish parents in Kharkov, Russian Empire, and grew up in Saint Petersburg. For many years, it was a mystery whether she was born in Kharkov or Saint Petersburg, complicated by the rumour that "Ida" was short for "Adelaida". Rubinstein herself would not confirm where she was born, nor if Ida was a nickname, preferring the aura of mystery. Years after her death, the record was discovered in the archives of the Kharkov Choral Synagogue, where her father had been a board member: the birth of a daughter, Ida Lvovna, on 21 September (O.S., N.S. 5 October), to father Lev Ruvimovich, Honorary Citizen of Kharkov, and mother Ernestina Isaakovna Rubinstein, had been dutily recorded in the registry for 1883. She had an older sister, Rachel, born in 1876.
In 1867, he was given permission to live in Kharkov, where he stayed until he was allowed to leave in 1872. He then went to Kraków, where he made the acquaintance of Jan Matejko. Later, he went to Dresden, where he lived with Józef Ignacy Kraszewski and his family. It was then that he first made a name for himself as a portrait painter. He also helped restore the paintings at Kórnik Castle. In 1875, after accidentally crossing the Austro-Hungarian border while hiking, he was ordered back to Kharkov.
In 1933–1934 the university merged with the Kharkov Planned Institute of Consumer Cooperatives and it moved to Kharkov. In 1940 it joined with several Kharkov universities to form Kharkov Institute of Soviet Trade. In 1959 the Kharkov Institute of Soviet Trade moved to the city of Stalino and became the Stalin Institute of Soviet Trade, and from 1961, the Donetsk Institute of Soviet Trade.
Since 1901 Alexander Lubimov worked as an extern at the Higher School of Arts at the Imperial Academy of Fine Arts in the studio of Ilya Repin, later of Pavel Chistyakov. After graduation in 1909, Alexander Lubimov went to city of Kharkov, Ukraine, where by recommendation of Ilya Repin he headed in the years 1912-1919 Kharkov Art College, where his student was Alexander Deyneka.
Vecherniy Kharkov (, literally "Evening Kharkiv") is a popular regional Ukrainian newspaper published in Russian. The editor-in-chief of "Vecherniy Kharkov" is Tatyana Kostenko. The newspaper "Vecherniy Kharkov" is a regional information printed edition for Kharkiv residents and provides information on the life of the region.
The Kharkov electoral district () was a constituency created for the Russian Constituent Assembly election, 1917. The electoral district covered the Kharkov Governorate.
The Kharkov Military District was first established on 1864 as part of Dmitry Milyutin's reform of the military administrative system. Its headquarters was in Kharkov, and it controlled troops on the territory of Voronezh, Kursk, Oryol, Poltava, Kharkov, and Chernigov Governorates. The district was abolished on 31 October 1888, with most of its territory being transferred to the Kiev Military District, excluding Voronezh and Oryol Governorates, which became part of the Moscow Military District.
The Battle of Kharkov was any one of four World War II battles in and near the city of Kharkov. In usage the term is sometimes indistinct, perhaps meaning the collection of all fighting at Kharkov including and in between the four named battles, or perhaps meaning just one of the battles without specifying which. For example, soldiers have received awards "for their action in the Battle of Kharkov".
The division was formed in August and September, 1941 in the Kharkov Military District. Like the 393rd Rifle Division, it was probably formed from a cadre of militia raised in the Kharkov area from late August. Its order of battle was as follows:
In September, the division was briefly assigned to the re-forming 10th Army, in the Reserve of the Supreme High Command. In the following month the division was reassigned to 6th Army in Southwestern Front, where it would remain for the remainder of its existence. The division took part in the winter counter-offensive which led to the creation of the Izium salient south of Kharkov.
Kornienko's musical education started at the age of 5. After musical studies in Kharkov and in Kiev Kornienko entered the "Moscow P.I. Tchaikovsky Conservatory" in 1972 to study in the piano class of Yakov Zak. In 1978, after graduating from the Conservatory, he became a piano tutor at the "Kharkov Institute of Arts" where he simultaneously studied conducting under the guidance of Vakhtang Jordania.
The Third Battle of Kharkov was a series of battles on the Eastern Front of World War II, undertaken by the German Army Group South against the Red Army, around the city of Kharkov (or "Kharkiv") between 19 February and 15 March 1943. Known to the German side as the Donets Campaign, and in the Soviet Union as the Donbas and Kharkov operations, the German counterstrike led to the recapture of the cities of Kharkov and Belgorod.