Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant documents that can help answer the question.
Query: Where was German philosopher Martin Heidegger born?
Heidegger was born in rural Meßkirch, Baden-Württemberg, the son of Johanna (Kempf) and Friedrich Heidegger.[21] Raised a Roman Catholic, he was the son of the sexton of the village church that adhered to the First Vatican Council of 1870, which was observed mainly by the poorer class of Meßkirch. His family could not afford to send him to university, so he entered a Jesuit seminary, though he was turned away within weeks because of the health requirement and what the director and doctor of the seminary described as a psychosomatic heart condition. Heidegger was short and sinewy, with dark piercing eyes. He enjoyed outdoor pursuits, being especially proficient at skiing.[22]
Heidegger Gesamtausgabe is the term for the collected works of German philosopher Martin Heidegger, edited by Vittorio Klostermann.
The Origin of the Work of Art () is an essay by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. Heidegger drafted the text between 1935 and 1937, reworking it for publication in 1950 and again in 1960. Heidegger based his essay on a series of lectures he had previously delivered in Zurich and Frankfurt during the 1930s, first on the essence of the work of art and then on the question of the meaning of a "thing," marking the philosopher's first lectures on the notion of art.
Several authors have written biographies that focus on the relationship between Hannah Arendt and Martin Heidegger. In 1999, the French feminist philosopher Catherine Clément wrote a novel, "Martin and Hannah", speculating on the trianglular relationship between Heidegger and the two women in his life, Arendt and Heidegger's wife Elfriede Petri. In addition to the relationships, the novel is a serious exploration of philosophical ideas, that centers on Arendt's last meeting with Heidegger in Freiburg in 1975. The scene is based on Elisabeth Young-Bruehl's description in "Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World" (1982), but reaches back to their childhoods, and Heidegger's role in encouraging the relationship between the two women. The novel explores Heidegger's embrace of Nazism as a proxy for that of Germany and, as in Arendt's treatment of Eichmann, the difficult relationship between collective guilt and personal responsibility. Clément also brings Hannah's other mentor and confidante, Karl Jaspers, into the matrix of relationships.
Ayer was a strong critic of the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. As a logical positivist Ayer was in conflict with Heidegger's proposed vast, overarching theories regarding existence. These he felt were completely unverifiable through empirical demonstration and logical analysis. This sort of philosophy was an unfortunate strain in modern thought. He considered Heidegger to be the worst example of such philosophy, which Ayer believed to be entirely useless.
Important German philosophers and social thinkers included Immanuel Kant, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Karl Marx, Max Weber, Georg Simmel, and Martin Heidegger.
Otto Pöggeler (12 December 1928 in Attendorn – 10 December 2014) was a German philosopher. He specialized in phenomenology and commenting on Heidegger. In 1963 he authored the acclaimed "Martin Heidegger’s Path of Thinking", one of the first rigorous attempts at tracing the development of Heidegger’s thought. He also published a study of poetry of Paul Celan, and was director of the Hegel Archive at the Ruhr University in Bochum.
Zimmerman is a specialist concerning 20th century German philosopher Martin Heidegger and has published a number of books and peer-reviewed articles on Heidegger's work, and on other conventional philosophical topics.
Günter Figal (born July 15, 1949) is a German philosopher and professor of philosophy at University of Freiburg. He is a specialist in the thought of Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Martin Heidegger. His research focuses on hermeneutics, phenomenology, German classical philosophy and the history of metaphysics. Figal was the president of the Martin-Heidegger-Society between 2003 and 2015.
Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics () is a 1929 book about Immanuel Kant by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger. It is often referred by Heidegger to simply as the "Kantbuch" ("Kantbook"). This book published as volume 3 of the "Gesamtausgabe".
"The Ister" was inspired by a 1942 lecture course delivered by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger, published in 1984 as "Hölderlins Hymne «Der Ister»". Heidegger's lecture course concerns a poem by the German poet Friedrich Hölderlin about the Danube River.
Todtnauberg is a German village in Black Forest ("Schwarzwald") belonging to the municipality of Todtnau, in Baden-Württemberg. It is named after the homonym mount ("berg" means hill or mountain in German). It is famous because it is the place where the German philosopher Martin Heidegger had a chalet and wrote portions of his major work, "Being and Time".
The Zollikon Seminars were a series of philosophical seminars delivered between 1959 and 1969 by the German philosopher Martin Heidegger at the home of Swiss psychiatrist Medard Boss. The topic of the seminars was Heidegger's ontology and phenomenology as it pertained to the theory and praxis of medicine, psychology, psychiatry and psychotherapy. The protocols of the seminars, along with correspondences between Heidegger and Boss, were published in German in 1987 under the title "Zollikoner Seminare, Protokolle- Gersprache- Briefe Herausgegeben von Medard Boss". The English version of the text was published in 2001.
Adorno's lecture is often seen as consisting in part of a variably implicit and explicit critique of the work of Martin Heidegger, whose formal ties to the Nazi Party are well known. Heidegger, distinct from his role in the Party during the Third Reich, attempted to provide a historical conception of Germania as a philosophical notion of German origin and destiny (later he would speak of "the West"). Alexander Garcia Düttman's "Das Gedächtnis des Denkens. Versuch über Heidegger und Adorno" ("The Memory of Thought: An Essay on Heidegger and Adorno", translated by Nicholas Walker) attempts to treat the philosophical value of these seemingly opposed and certainly incompatible terms "Auschwitz" and "Germania" in the philosophy of both men.
Richard M. Capobianco is an American philosophy professor and one of the leading commentators on the thought of the 20th century German philosopher Martin Heidegger. His two books, "Engaging Heidegger" and "Heidegger's Way of Being", have led the way to a renewed appreciation of Heidegger's core concern with Being as temporal radiant emergence or manifestation. He has also brought Heidegger into closer proximity with American authors such as Walt Whitman, Henry David Thoreau, Ralph Waldo Emerson, John Muir, and E. E. Cummings, and with English poets such as William Wordsworth and Gerard Manley Hopkins.
Jean Grondin, (born August 27, 1955) is a Canadian philosopher and professor. He is a specialist in the thought of Immanuel Kant, Hans-Georg Gadamer, and Martin Heidegger. His research focuses on hermeneutics, phenomenology, German classical philosophy and the history of metaphysics.
Martin Heidegger (/ˈhaɪˌdɛɡər, ˈhaɪdɪɡər/;[12][13] German:[ˈmaɐ̯tiːn ˈhaɪdɛɡɐ];[14][12] 26 September 1889–26 May 1976) was a German philosopher and a seminal thinker in the Continental tradition and philosophical hermeneutics, and is "widely acknowledged to be one of the most original and important philosophers of the 20th century."[6] Heidegger is best known for his contributions to phenomenology and existentialism, though as the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy cautions, "his thinking should be identified as part of such philosophical movements only with extreme care and qualification".[15] Heidegger's membership in and public support for the Nazi Party has been the subject of widespread controversy regarding the extent to which his Nazism influenced his philosophy.
Kah Kyung Cho (born 1927) is a Korean-American philosopher. He specializes in phenomenology, hermeneutics, contemporary German philosophy, and East-West comparative philosophy. He has worked with continental philosophers such as Martin Heidegger and Hans-Georg Gadamer. He currently teaches at State University of New York. Cho's seminars have traditionally centered on discussions anchored in close textual and hermeneutical readings of works in the phenomenological tradition, including Heidegger's "Fundamental Concepts of Metaphysics", "Being and Time," and Gadamer's "Truth and Method."
David Farrell Krell (born 1944), is an American philosopher. He is Professor Emeritus of philosophy at DePaul University. He received his Ph.D. in philosophy at Duquesne University, where he wrote his dissertation on Heidegger and Nietzsche. He has taught at many universities in Germany, France, and England. Specializing in Continental Philosophy, he has written many books on Heidegger and Nietzsche, including "Daimon Life: Heidegger and Life Philosophy" (1992), "Intimations of Mortality: Time, Truth, and Finitude in Heidegger's Thinking of Being" (1986), "The Good European: Nietzsche's Work Sites in Word and Image" (1997), and "Infectious Nietzsche" (1996). Additionally, Krell has written extensively about German Idealism, his books in this area include "The Tragic Absolute: German Idealism and the Languishing of God" (2005), and "Contagion: Sexuality, Disease, and Death in German Idealism and Romanticism" (Indiana, 1998). Krell has also translated Heidegger's lectures on Nietzsche, and was the editor of Heidegger's "Basic Writings" (1977). In a 2005 interview, Krell cited Jacques Derrida as a major influence on his work on Nietzsche.As Editor and Translator
Richard Wolin (born 1952) is an American intellectual historian who writes on 20th Century European philosophy, particularly German philosopher Martin Heidegger and the group of thinkers known collectively as the Frankfurt School.
Frank Schalow (born February 23, 1956) is an American philosopher. He is known for his exegesis of Martin Heidegger's writings. He is a co-editor of, the journal "Heidegger Studies" and a professor of the University of New Orleans.
Commentators differ on whether these statements are evidence of a profound disregard for the fate of the Jews or rather, a recontextualization of their suffering in terms of the mechanization of life and death. The French Jewish philosopher Jean-Claude Milner once said: "It's a fact, as to gas chambers, the only proper philosophical sentence is by Heidegger [...] It is not satisfactory, but no one else did better." Heidegger's defenders have pointed to the deep ecology dimension of Heidegger's critique of technological "enframing" - i.e., that the way human beings relate to nature has a determining influence on the way we relate to one another. At least Heidegger does not say that the mechanization of agriculture and the extermination camps are equivalent, "the same thing" ("dasselbe") but "the same" ("das Selbe", a very strange turn of phrase in German), so only "in essence", but not in the technical or metaphysical meaning of identity. Heidegger explained during his lecture: "The same is never the equivalent ("das Gleiche"). The same is no more only the indistinctive coincidence of the identical. The same is rather the relation of the different."
In his preface to Heidegger's "Zollikon Seminars", Medard Boss writes: "I made inquiries and Heidegger very clearly seemed to be the most slandered man I had ever encountered. He had become entangled in a network of lies by his colleagues. Most of the people, who were unable to do serious harm to the substance of Heidegger's thinking, tried to get at Heidegger the man with personal attacks. The only remaining puzzle was why Heidegger did not defend himself against these slanders publicly." Fédier comments on this point with Nietzsche's remark that "the philosopher has to be the bad conscience of his age." In 2015 Nils Gilje, professor of Philosophy at University of Bergen, said to media that "There is little that indicates that Heidegger defended the more or less official German racial politics".
In French
In the October 18, 2009 issue of "The Chronicle" in "Heil Heidegger!", citing Heidegger's well-known past Nazi affiliations, Romano was highly critical of Martin Heidegger's work and its continued acceptance amongst American academics and intellectuals. The article was a review of the publication in English of French philosopher ’s "Heidegger: The Introduction of Nazism into Philosophy in Light of the Unpublished Seminars of 1933–1935" (first published in 2005, in France), highly critical of Heidegger for the same reason. Romano called on librarians to stop stocking the collected works of the German philosopher, which appear under the term "Heidegger Gesamtausgabe". This controversial article renewed public dialogue about the relation between a person's politics and the merit of their work.
The second intuition animating Heidegger's philosophy derives from the influence of Edmund Husserl, a philosopher largely uninterested in questions of philosophical history. Rather, Husserl argued that all that philosophy could and should be is a description of experience (hence the phenomenological slogan, "to the things themselves"). But for Heidegger, this meant understanding that experience is always already situated in a world and in ways of being. Thus Husserl's understanding that all consciousness is "intentional" (in the sense that it is always intended toward something, and is always "about" something) is transformed in Heidegger's philosophy, becoming the thought that all experience is grounded in "care". This is the basis of Heidegger's "existential analytic", as he develops it in Being and Time. Heidegger argues that describing experience properly entails finding the being for whom such a description might matter. Heidegger thus conducts his description of experience with reference to "Dasein", the being for whom Being is a question. In everyday German, "Dasein" means "existence." It is composed of "Da" (here/there) and "Sein" (being). Dasein is transformed in Heidegger's usage from its everyday meaning to refer, rather, to that being that is there in its world, that is, the being for whom being matters. In later publications Heidegger writes the term in hyphenated form as Da-sein, thus emphasizing the distance from the word's ordinary usage.