Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant passages that answer the question.
Query: What's tar gravel?
Gravel and Tar is a one-day cycling race held annually in New Zealand since 2016. It is rated 1.2 and has been part of UCI Oceania Tour since 2018.[1]
The majority of the township roads are either tar and chip or gravel. These roads are well maintained by the township and provide travel for all township residents.
Coal tar is an aromatic hydrocarbon and a by-product from the coking process of the coal industry. It is historically in abundance where coal is used in steel manufacturing. It ages very slowly through volatilization and is an excellent waterproofing and oil resistant product. Roofs are covered by heating the coal tar and applying it between layers of tar paper. It has limitations in regards to its application on dead level or flat roofs with slopes less than 1/4 in 12. It has a tendency to soften in warm temperatures and "heal" itself. It is typically ballasted with gravel to provide a walking surface, however a mineral surface membrane is available. Coal tar provides an extremely long life cycle that is sustainable and renewable. It takes energy to manufacture and to construct a roof with it but its proven longevity with periodic maintenance provides service for many years, with ages from 50 to 70 years not uncommon, with some now performing for over a century. Currently, there are cold process (no kettle is used) coal tar pitch products that almost eliminate all fumes associated with its typical hot process version.
The former gravel road was paved wide and tarred from 31 January 1986 to 31 March 1991.
Brakwater was the end point of the first 17 km of non-gravel road in South West Africa, when Windhoek's main road to the North was tarred in 1957. This road today is part of the B1 national road.
The R722 is a Regional Route in South Africa. Its north-eastern terminus is Memel at an intersection with the R34. It heads south-west to the town of Harrismith, its route ending at the N3.
The gravel road passes the small village of Verkykerskop, and certain passes and steep hills are tarred, but not excluding potholes. From Verkykerskop the road is fully tarred to the N3 (±41km). Traversing by an LDV (Ford Ranger - double cab) took ± an hour and 10 minutes from Memel to Harrismith (16 June 2016).
Traditionally most flat roofs in the western world make use of tar or asphalt more usually felt paper applied over roof decking to keep a building watertight. The felt paper is in turn covered with a flood coat of bitumen (asphalt or tar) and then gravel to keep the sun's heat, UV rays and weather off it and helps protect it from cracking or blistering and degradation. Roof decking is usually of plywood, chipboard or OSB boards (OSB = Oriented Strand Board, also known as Sterling board) of around 18mm thickness, steel or concrete. The mopping of bitumen is applied in two or more coats (usually 3 or 4) as a hot liquid, heated in a kettle. A flooded coat of bitumen is applied over the felts and gravel is embedded in the hot bitumen.
On 1894, he settled in Monaco where he met Prince Albert I who asked him what could be done to ban the dust stirred up by the first motor vehicles. He applied an idea found in Indonesian hospitals where wooden floors were coated with tar: he developed a new mixture of tar, gravel and sand for binding the dust.
According to this legend, the troops of British General Cornwallis during the American Revolutionary War were fording what is now known as the Tar River between Rocky Mount and Battleboro when they discovered that tar had been dumped into the stream to impede the crossing of British soldiers. When they finally got across the river, they found their feet completely black with tar. Thus, the soldiers observed that anyone who waded through North Carolina rivers would acquire "tar heels."
It was built in 1942. It is a one-story, split-level, wood frame vernacular building with wood walls and a tar and gravel roof that sat about above the ground on a foundation of concrete piers. The exterior is composition siding. The flat roof is built up on top of wood tongue and groove decking supported by wood joists. It is covered with tar and gravel. The roof overhang has a large fascia and a metal drip edge.
Traditional built up roofing (informally called "tar-and-gravel" roofing) consists of multiple layers of roofing felt mopped with layers of hot liquid bitumen, and surfaced with gravel. At the edges of the roof, some means is required of terminating the roofing, preventing water from running underneath the roofing, and preventing the gravel surfacing from washing off in heavy rains. The traditional method is a sheet metal fabrication called a gravel stop.
In addition to the first game held at the Constant Center, the Tar Heels played the first game at what was then known as the University of Miami's Convocation Center. That game ended in an overtime loss for the Tar Heels.
Most local businesses are located along London Rd. Rockbeare Quarry located above Allercombe, Upcott and Pithead was a former quarry used to produce gravel, cement, bricks, tar and stones until 1986.
A 2009 documentary film, "Tar Creek", written, directed, and narrated by Matt Myers, covers the gamut of the issues related to the Tar Creek Superfund site, including lead poisoning, mine waste, acid mine water, sinkholes, governmental practices showing racism against the Quapaw Tribe, downstream expansion of the superfund site, and the eventual federal buyout of the residents of the area. During the fall of 2010, "Tar Creek" toured to many of the nation's existing Superfund sites as part of the Superfund Screening Tour. Universities, organizations, churches, and schools used the story of "Tar Creek" to have a discussion about what could happen in their communities.
The airport resides at an elevation of above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 02/20 with a gravel and tar surface measuring .
Tar paper is far less common than asphalt felt paper and is used, among other things, for waterproofing roofs to prevent ingress of moisture. It is used in a small percentage of built-up roofs (BUR), as underlayment with asphalt, wood, shake, and other shingles, or even gravel, since tar paper itself isn't particularly wind- or sun-resistant. It is sold in rolls of various widths, lengths, and thicknesses – rolls, long and "15 lb" () and "30 lb" () weights are common in the U.S. – often marked with chalk lines at certain intervals to aid in laying it out straight on roofs with the proper overlap (more overlap for flatter roofs).
Although most of the track was fenced from the spectators, the roads were not tar-sealed. Roading engineers were employed before the race to apply a temporary mixture of gravel, dirt and tar to the road surface. Acetylene floodlights from the army were set up at the tight corners of Pontlieue, Mulsanne and Arnage.
Tar Beach 2 is what Faith Ringgold refers to as a story quilt.
The roadway was paved in wide concrete slabs, poured in a 1-2½-5 mixture. The concrete was topped with a layer of coal tar about 1/16 inch thick. At the edges were 45 degree slopes, which means only of the width was level, with the slopes acting as curbs. Further out from the center was of gravel and of earthwork. The gravel shoulder allowed vehicles to continue on the road without stopping for oncoming traffic, which was common at the time.
There is a small section of tar sealed road between Waitangi and Te One, but the majority of the islands' roads are gravel.
In an interview with Phong Bui in "The Brooklyn Rail", Close describes an early encounter with a Jackson Pollock painting at the Seattle Art Museum: "I went to the Seattle Art Museum with my mother for the first time when I was 14. I saw this Jackson Pollock drip painting with aluminum paint, tar, gravel and all that stuff. I was absolutely outraged, disturbed. It was so far removed from what I thought art was. However, within 2 or 3 days, I was dripping paint all over my old paintings. In a way I've been chasing that experience ever since."
By road from Bulawayo: Take Robert Mugabe Way in the city centre; this turns into Matopos Road which continues south some 30 km to the park boundary. This is a two-lane tarred road. A single lane tarred road continues to Maleme Dam and Rest Camp. The remaining roads in the park are gravel or earth, but suitable for most vehicles. However, access to Toghwana Dam during the rainy season may require four wheel drive.
The state portion of the parkway received asphalt for the first time in 2004 (all of the parkway was originally paved with tar and gravel).
Building papers and membranes are used for many reasons in construction. One of the oldest building papers is red rosin paper which was known to be in use before 1850 and was used as an underlayment in exterior walls, roofs, and floors and for protecting a jobsite during construction. Tar paper was invented late in the 19th century and was used for similar purposes as rosin paper and for gravel roofs. Tar paper has largely fallen out of use supplanted by asphalt felt paper. Felt paper has been supplanted in some uses by synthetic underlayments, particularly in roofing by synthetic underlayments and siding by housewraps.
Outside cities, roads were dirt or gravel; mud in the winter and dust in the summer. Early organizers cited Europe where road construction and maintenance was supported by national and local governments. In its early years, the main goal of the movement was education for road building in rural areas between cities and to help rural populations gain the social and economic benefits enjoyed by cities where citizens benefited from railroads, trolleys and paved streets. Even more than traditional vehicles, the newly invented bicycles could benefit from good country roads.Later on, they did not hold up to higher-speed motor vehicle use. Methods to stabilise macadam roads with tar date back to at least 1834 when John Henry Cassell, operating from "Cassell's Patent Lava Stone Works" in Millwall, patented "Pitch Macadam".
This method involved spreading tar on the subgrade, placing a typical macadam layer, and finally sealing the macadam with a mixture of tar and sand. Tar-grouted macadam was in use well before 1900 and involved scarifying the surface of an existing macadam pavement, spreading tar, and re-compacting. Although the use of tar in road construction was known in the 19th century, it was little used and was not introduced on a large scale until the motorcar arrived on the scene in the early 20th century.