Instruct: Given a question, retrieve documents that can help answer the question.
Query: When was the NCAA founded?
The NCAA dates its formation to two White House conferences convened by President Theodore Roosevelt in the early 20th century in response to repeated injuries and deaths in college football which had "prompted many college and universities to discontinue the sport."[1] Following those White House meetings and the reforms which had resulted, Chancellor Henry MacCracken of New York University organized a meeting of 13 colleges and universities to initiate changes in football playing rules; at a follow-on meeting on December 28, 1905 in New York, 62 higher-education institutions became charter members of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association of the United States (IAAUS).[1] The IAAUS was officially established on March 31, 1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910.[1]
Judi Pavon took over the helm of the Lady Vol golf team in 2000. She has lead the team to 18 straight NCAA regional appearances and 11 appearances in the NCAA Championships. From (2004-2007) Pavon lead the Lady Vols to the final rounds of the NCAA Championships. One of the best seasons in program history was in 2005 when they won the 2005 NCAA West regional and finished 6th at the NCAA Championships. In the 2006 season they won the NCAA East regional and finshied tied for 13th at the NCAA Championships. The Lady Vols had another record setting season in 2015, when they finished 5th at the NCAA tournament tying a program record.
When issuing its findings, the NCAA indicated that it had nearly given Kansas a death penalty; the Jayhawks basketball program was eligible for the penalty because Kansas football had been found guilty of major violations in 1983. At the time, David Berst, then NCAA enforcement director, said when asked whether the Jayhawks were eligible for the death penalty, "Kansas was on the bubble, so to speak." However, Brown left Kansas immediately after the championship season to become head coach of the NBA's San Antonio Spurs. The penalties ultimately issued included three years' probation and a postseason ban for the 1988–89 season, marking the first time an NCAA champion had been barred from defending its title. The committee decided against imposing a death penalty because Askew was the only athlete who was proven to have received extra benefits, and because Brown was no longer employed at Kansas.
Sherrill retired after the 2003 season, which was followed by the NCAA levying probation for four years on the program. Despite a 3-year investigation by the NCAA, Mississippi State was not found guilty of any major violations, and Sherrill was not found guilty of any NCAA rules violations at Mississippi State or Texas A&M.
Despite the NCAA's apparent wariness about imposing a death penalty, it has indicated that the SMU case is its standard for imposing such an extreme sanction. For example, in its 2005 investigation of the Baylor University men's basketball team, the NCAA determined that the Bears had committed violations as egregious as those found at SMU 18 years earlier. However, it praised Baylor for taking swift corrective action once the violations came to light, including forcing out head coach Dave Bliss (who had been SMU's basketball coach when the Mustang football program was given the death penalty). According to the NCAA, this stood in marked contrast to SMU, where school officials knew violations had occurred and did nothing. The report asserted that
The pre-war NCAA was established by a very sports minded Christian Brother named Brother John FSC. The De La Salle Green Archers was a founding member of the NCAA in 1924. De La Salle participated in the league for 57 years until the 1980–81 NCAA Season winning five NCAA General Championships in the process (1972, 1974, 1976, 1977, and 1980). The high school (Juniors' division) counterpart were the Greenies from De La Salle College High School until 1968 when the then High School in Taft Avenue, Manila was phased-out and transferred to the then new GREEN HILLS Ortigas Campus in Mandaluyong City. The Greenies had won two General Championships. La Salle Green Hills (LSGH) was established in 1959 and was eventually made the high school counterpart of De La Salle University. It inherited the moniker Greenies and eventually became known as the Junior Archers. LSGH won eight General Championships until 1980 when La Salle withdrew from the NCAA.
Rivals
The Blue Eagles have had several rivalries throughout the years. Before the NCAA was founded and into the early years after its foundation (1924), Ateneo's fiercest basketball rivals were the UP Fighting Maroons (then known as the Maroon and Greens). Ateneo won its first NCAA seniors basketball title in 1928 while the San Beda Red Lions won their first in 1927, and the two went on to develop a rivalry during the 1930s that lasted up to the 1970s. The two schools dominated the NCAA as they traded championships, back-to-back and three-peats. When Ateneo left the NCAA in 1978, it had the most basketball championship titles in that league at 14 to the 10 of San Beda.
Women's basketball
On October 31, 1999, Malone fired MSU women's basketball head coach Tracey Sheehan and assistant coach Jeff Malby. Complaints by student-athletes, athletics department personnel, students' doctors, and team trainers led to an NCAA investigation into charges that the two coaches were overworking their team. The NCAA found that athletes were required to engage in pre-season practice longer than the eight hours per week allowed by the NCAA. (In some cases, athletes were required to practice 16 hours a week or more.) Coaches demanded that athletes return to practice before injuries were fully healed, an excessive number of "overuse injuries" were occurring, and coaches disregarded the welfare of the athletes in their care. (NCAA rules forbid excessive practice that results in stress injuries or overuse injuries, and require coaches to follow doctors' advice when seeking to return an athlete to active status.) As many as 15 athletes on the Lady Bobcats team had overuse injuries such as stress fractures and tendonitis. The NCAA also found that the two coaches regularly exceeded the number of allowable hours for "athletically related activities" and failed to provide the mandatory "positive relationship between student athletes and coach...by engaging in activities which are [...] conducive to the welfare of student athletes".
On October 24, 1979, the NCAA's Committee on Infractions publicly reprimanded Missouri for a violation of NCAA Constitution 3–2 related to a failure to exercise institutional control. The violation was in regard to the use of a fund established outside the university for the purpose of paying Powers for debt he assumed while negotiating to become MU's head coach. NCAA regulations require the university's involvement when its coach receives a cash supplement related to duties he is performing on the institution's behalf, and the NCAA found that MU had failed to do so in this case.
That fall, the NCAA infractions committee found Neuheisel violated NCAA rules against gambling but didn't sanction him, citing the memo by Washington's then compliance officer, Dana Richardson, that mistakenly identified this type of action as a permissible exception to NCAA gambling sanctions. It also became apparent that the NCAA violated its own rules when questioning Neuheisel about the gambling. UW had its probation extended for failing to monitor its football program.
Northwestern was the only school from a Power Five conference, and one of the few long-standing members of Division I, to have never played in the NCAA Tournament. In 2017, the painful wait for the NCAA championship finally ended, when the Wildcats earned a tournament berth. They won their first found matchup against Vanderbilt University, but lost to number one seed Gonzaga in the second round.
Ramogi Huma became an advocate for college athletes' rights while playing football for UCLA when he founded a student group to give college athletes the means to voice their concerns and secure basic protections in NCAA sports. He started the organization after witnessing the NCAA suspend his All American teammate for eating groceries that were left anonymously on his doorstep when he had no food, and after being informed that the NCAA prevented colleges from paying for medical expenses for injuries that occurred during summer workouts.
On June 10, 2010, the NCAA announced major sanctions against USC. The NCAA found that Bush had received lavish gifts from Lake and his partner, Michael Michaels, from at least December 2004 onward, including a limousine ride to the 2005 Heisman Trophy presentation. As a result, USC was given four years of probation and forced to vacate its last two wins of the 2004 season – including the 2005 Orange Bowl – as well as all of its wins in the 2005 season. The Trojans were also banned from bowl games in 2010 and 2011 and lost 30 scholarships over three years. Running backs coach Todd McNair was banned from off-campus recruiting for one year after the NCAA determined he had known about Bush's dealings with the agents. McNair sued the NCAA for damages related to his dismissal and the NCAA lost. The judge in the case found the NCAA conducted the USC investigation and that of McNair with "malice". The NCAA also forced USC to permanently disassociate itself from Bush.
The men's ice hockey program has existed since 1929 and played as an independent NCAA Division I team until joining the ECAC in 1961. Northeastern is a founding member of the Hockey East athletic conference, which the team joined in 1984. The Huskies' men's hockey team has generally met with mediocre success. The Huskies had their most success in the 1980s, when the team won the prestigious Beanpot tournament four times (1980, 1984, 1985, and 1988) and was the runner-up twice (1983 and 1987). Its best season came in 1982, when the Huskies finished 25-9-2 and made it to the NCAA Frozen Four. They also won the Hockey East championship in 1988 and 2016 and made appearances in the NCAA hockey tournament in 1988, 1994, 2009, 2016, and 2018.
When the Bruin teams advance in NCAA tournament play, the Varsity Band can be found supporting the team at many venues outside Los Angeles. For Men's and Women's basketball, the UCLA Varsity Band has been with the team through their numerous NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship and NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship regional and final runs. The band has also traveled with the volleyball teams to the championship sites.
Shortly after Kansas won a national title in 1988, the Jayhawks were found guilty of numerous NCAA violations. The NCAA had opened an investigation in 1986 after receiving a confidential tip. The most serious violations occurred in the summer of 1986, when potential Memphis State transfer Vincent Askew (who ultimately never transferred) was given cash for plane tickets, clothes, an electric bill for his grandmother, and a no-show job by then-Kansas head coach Larry Brown and three other individuals whom the NCAA considered to be boosters. One of the boosters, former Kansas player Mike Marshall, admitted to "Sports Illustrated", but not to NCAA investigators, that he had provided small loans to several Kansas players, including Danny Manning, the centerpiece of the 1988 championship team.
The NCAA found the University of Louisville's head coach, Rick Pitino, guilty of a Level I charge. The NCAA Bylaws 11.1.2.1 and 11.1.1.1 require the Head Coach to monitor all recruiting activities to ensure that they are in complied with. Pitino failed to monitor that Operations Director Andre McGee complied with the NCAA rules, when Pitino gave McGee recruiting responsibilities.
However, in 2007, an NCAA investigation found that Greene had relied on 15 hours of correspondence courses taken through another institution in order to remain eligible for the 2004 spring semester and the entire 2004-05 academic year. NCAA rules do not allow student-athletes to use correspondence courses taken from another institution to remain eligible. According to the NCAA, this was an "obvious error" that should have been caught right away, but the school's then-compliance coordinator director of academic services and registrar all failed to catch it. When school officials learned about the violations, they vacated every game in which Greene participated—43 games in all, including NCAA tournament appearances in 2004 and 2005—and scrubbed Greene's records from the books. The NCAA accepted Louisiana-Lafayette's penalties and also imposed two years' probation.
At Florida, Arnsparger was tasked with cleaning up an athletic department which had been roiled by NCAA violations and subsequent punishments. The Florida Gators football team had been found in violation of many NCAA rules in the early 1980s and was still suffering under significant sanctions and probation when Arnsparger arrived, a situation which weakened the financial strength of the entire athletic department.
The NCAA Division II Women's Gymnastics Championships were the annual collegiate gymnastics championships for women organised by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) for athletes competing at universities in Division II. The championship was founded in 1982, breaking away from the championship for Division I, but ceased after the 1986 championship when it was merged back into one single national championship again after just five years.
Wheaton has found success in a number of its athletic programs, starting in 1983, when field hockey became the first Wheaton team to make an NCAA tournament. In 1986, women's lacrosse became the first Wheaton team to advance to an NCAA Final Four. Eight years later, women's basketball made its first Final Four, followed by the 1997 softball team finishing third at the national tournament in Eau Claire, Wis. The following fall, men's soccer became the first men's team to make the NCAA tournament, followed by volleyball advancing to the NCAA Sweet Sixteen.
The NCAA Division II Men's Basketball Championship is an annual championship tournament for colleges and universities that are members of NCAA Division II, a grouping of schools in the United States (plus one school in Canada) that are generally smaller than the higher-profile institutions of Division I. The tournament, originally known as the NCAA College Division Basketball Championship, was established in 1957, immediately after the NCAA subdivided its member schools into the University Division (today's Division I) and College Division. It became the Division II championship in 1974, when the NCAA split the College Division into the limited-scholarship Division II and the non-scholarship Division III, and added the "Men's" designation in 1982 when the NCAA began sponsoring a Division II women's championship.
The men's ice hockey program has existed since 1929 and played as an independent NCAA Division I team until joining the ECAC in 1961. Northeastern is a founding member of the Hockey East athletic conference, which the team joined in 1984. The Huskies had their most success in the 1980s, when the team won the prestigious Beanpot tournament four times (1980, 1984, 1985, 1988) and was the runner-up twice (1983 and 1987). The Huskies ended a 30-year Beanpot drought in 2018, capturing their fifth championship. Its best season came in 1982, when the Huskies finished 25–9–2 and made it to the NCAA Frozen Four. They also won the Hockey East championship in 1988 and 2016, and made appearances in the NCAA hockey tournament in 1988, 1994, 2009, and 2016.
Since 1924 when the NCAA was founded La Salle has always enjoyed a very competitive and fierce rivalry with Ateneo. As of 2018, the De La Salle Green Archers has more collegiate championships compared to Ateneo in the NCAA and UAAP combined. La Salle has 176 collegiate titles versus the Ateneo Blue Eagles with 101 collegiate titles. La Salle also has 8 Overall (General) Collegiate Championships versus Ateneo with 1 Overall (General) Collegiate Championship. This rivalry has been claimed to be as early as 1939, when both schools were still competing in the NCAA.
However, the 1992 Sweet Sixteen run, along with two other NCAA runs in the early 1990s, was scrubbed from the books in 1996 when the NCAA found several players from that team received help on correspondence courses from a coach. Without those courses, the players would not have been eligible. 