Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant documents that can help answer the question.
Query: How large is the state of Guanajuato in Mexico?
Guanajuato is in central Mexico. It is bordered by the states of Jalisco to the west, Zacatecas to the northwest, San Luis Potosí to the north, Querétaro to the east, and Michoacán to the south. It covers an area of 30,608km2 (11,818sqmi).
Silao is a municipality in the west-central part of the state of Guanajuato in Mexico. Its seat is the city of the same name. 
The largest population of Spanish descent are located in Mexico Valley, Puebla-Veracruz region, Bajío region, Guadalajara Valley, Altos de Jalisco, Northern region and Riviera Maya, where they make up the largest proportion of the Spanish population. Large populations are found in the states like Mexico City, Mexico State, Veracruz, Puebla, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Aguascalientes, Durango, Guanajuato, Querétaro, and Chihuahua. Also, Northern Mexico is inhabited by many millions of Spanish descendants. Some states like Zacatecas, Sinaloa, Baja California, Sonora, San Luis Potosí and Tamaulipas.
Guanajuato's highways directly connect to three of Mexico's ten major highways (Mexico City-Nuevo Laredo, Querétaro-Ciudad Juárez and Manzanillo-Tampico). The state has 11,061km of highway, 5,281km of which are rural. It also has 1,249km of federal highways and 2,462 of state highways.[101] In July 2010, the state government of Guanajuato in Mexico awarded the 30-year concession of the US$122 million Libramiento de Celaya toll road to consortium Concesionaria Bicentenario. The consortium will be responsible for constructing, operating and maintaining two highway sections. Work on the 12.9km Libramiento Nororiente stretch was scheduled to start in September 2010 and on the 16.5km Libramiento Sur stretch on August 9, 2010.[106]
Rally Mexico, formerly known as Rally America is a round of the FIA World Rally Championship. The rally entered the championship schedule in the 2004 season. The event's itinerary is based in the state of Guanajuato. The stages take place in the environs of cities of León, Silao, Irapuato and Guanajuato; rally headquarters being located at León.
On May 6, 1915, he held the governorship of Queretaro again. He fought the stole. Rodolfo Fierro in Mariscala, recovering the city of Queretaro. In 1917, he was deputy for the state of Guanajuato. In 1919, he was governor of Guanajuato. In 1920 he became head of military operations in the states of Queretaro, Guanajuato and Michoacan. He was commander of the 1st, 11th, 17th and 28th Military Zones. In 1941, he was appointed ambassador of Mexico in Colombia. He died in Mexico City on December 1, 1950, when he was commander of the Legion of Mexican Honor.
The Orquesta Sinfónica de la Universidad de Guanajuato or OSUG is the resident symphonic orchestra for the University of Guanajuato, located in the state of the same name in central Mexico. It was founded shortly after the School of Music at the University in 1952 under the direction of José Rodríguez Frausto. This made the University for first in Mexico with a resident symphonic orchestra.
Likewise, no pieces from the 19th century survive, but at that time, the painting of everyday scenes became more popular, including images of homes, which show the survival of indigenous items like petates, along with sombreros and European style baskets. European travelers in Mexico documented what they saw, including the lives of common people, with baskets getting mentioned. One item noted in the records of this time but not before is that of the capote, a kind of rain cape created with layers of palm fronds.
The early 20th century saw a revived interest in Mexico’s handcraft traditions, including basketry. During the early 20th century the making of hats from palm and other fibers was taught to prisoners in municipal jails, something that survives to the present. Writer Manuel Toussaint noted the quantity and quality of baskets he found in Oaxaca during his travels, along with those in Puebla and the State of Mexico. For the 100th anniversary of the conclusion of the Mexican War of Independence, artists such as Dr. Atl, Roberto Montenegro and others organized an exhibition of the country’s handcrafts and folk art. The exhibition resulted in a large catalog, of which Chapter 16 was dedicated to basketry. It provides a snapshot of the state of the craft at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th. In this catalog, Dr Atl affirms that the most important basketry item remained the petate, noted the use of tenates as basic utilitarian items, with documentation of the large basketry production in the states of Puebla, State of Mexico, Guanajuato, Michoacán and Jalisco. The creation of miniature figures from Silao, Irapuato, Guanajuato and Santa María del Río, SLP are also mentioned. However mention of the work done in the north of the country is absent.
Guanajuato is a state in North Central Mexico that is divided into 46 municipalities. According to the 2015 Mexican Intercensal Survey, Guanajuato is the sixth most populous state with inhabitants and the 22nd largest by land area spanning .
The Universidad Tecnológica de México (UNITEC) (Technological University of México) is a private university located in Mexico City, and in the States of Guanajuato, Jalisco, México and Querétaro. It offers high school, bachelor, and postgraduate programs. Ignacio Guerra Pellegaud founded it in 1966 and since 2008 is part of the Laureate International Universities Network. The UNITEC has 10 campuses: Cuitláhuac, Marina and Sur in Mexico City; Atizapán, Ecatepec, Los Reyes, and Toluca in the State of Mexico; Leon in the State of Guanajuato; Guadalajara in the State of Jalisco; and Querétaro in the State of Querétaro. Additionally, it has an Online Campus. UNITEC total enrollment is higher than 90,000; more than 64,000 students are concentrated in the campuses of the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, which makes it the largest private university in this country region.
Yuririhapundaro, Guanajuato, Mexico, also known as Yuriria ( ), is one of 46 municipalities in the Mexican state of Guanajuato.
About 95% of the state's visitors are from Mexico, with the rest from other countries. Within the state, there are about seventy hotels ranked as four or five stars.[60] The three main cities for tourism are the capital city of Guanajuato, San Miguel de Allende and Dolores Hidalgo. Guanajuato is visited for its colonial architecture and its role in Mexico's history, especially during the War of Independence. Similarly, San Miguel has cultural and historical value. Both have been designated World Heritage Sites. Although not a World Heritage Site, Dolores Hidalgo is particularly important as the site as it is where Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla gave the cry called "El Grito" which began the War of Independence.[78]
Located at the center of Mexico Guanajuato Inland Port or GTO Inland Port is a dry port facility in Guanajuato, Mexico.
The Guanajuato are primarily Industrial Parks. Santa Fe I and II were designed and built in partnership with a Mexican industrial developer. It offers land for manufacturing and logistic operations.
As Guanajuato marks the beginning of the arid north of Mexico, at first relatively few Spanish came to settle as opposed to points south, where rainfall and indigenous labor was in much greater supply.[21] The first Spanish expedition to arrive to the Guanajuato area was led by Cristóbal de Olid in 1522 which arrived to the Yuririhapúndaro and Pénjamo areas. The discovery of silver and gold in the area of the city of Guanajuato spurred Spanish settlement of the area in the 1520s and 1530s.[23] When the Spanish did arrive, native tribes retreated to the most inaccessible areas of the Bajío and mountains ranges in the state, resisting the invaders, attacking settlements and travelers along the routes that connected Spanish settlements and mining camps. Unlike the more settled indigenous peoples, the Spanish were unable to force the natives of this area to work and brought African slaves and indigenous peoples from other areas to work the haciendas and mines.[24] The colonization efforts in the eastern part of the state began in 1542 when Spanish land grants were issued for the Apaseo and Chamácuaro areas. In 1555, San Miguel el Grande was founded to protect roads linking mining camps and cities with Mexico City. The Villa de León was founded in 1576 to counterattacks by the indigenous peoples. But through the first centuries of the colonial period, the city of Guanajuato dominated because of its mines.[23] The official name of the state is Guanajuato, Estado Libre y Soberano (Guanajuato, Free and Sovereign State). "Guanajuato" comes from Purépecha Quanaxhuato, which has been translated as both "place of frogs" and "places of many hills". The coat of arms of the state is that of the city of Guanajuato which was granted by Carlos I of Spain.[22]
Mexicana Universal Guanajuato is a pageant in Guanajuato, Mexico, that selects that state's representative for the national Mexicana Universal pageant.
The city San Miguel de Allende is in the state of Guanajuato, and lies 74 miles east of Guanajuato, Guanajuato. It is centrally located within the municipality of San Miguel de Allende, forty miles northwest of Queretaro and 179 miles northwest of Mexico City. 
Enrique Bátiz Campbell became director in 2005. Prior to Guanajuato, Bátiz founded the Symphonic Orchestra of the State of Mexico in 1971 and was its director. He has participated in over 500 concerts in various parts of the world and in 145 recordings including those with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the London Philharmonic Orchestra and the Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra.(boletin) OSUG maintains strong ties to the State of Mexico orchestra, playing with the Chorus of this orchestra in 2010, and having Luis Manuel Sánchez from the Youth Symphonic Orchestra of the state as a guest conductor.
The years after the end of the War of Independence were extremely unstable, and would continue to be unstable through most of the rest of the 19th century. Dolores and San Miguel adopted the names of Dolores Hidalgo and San Miguel de Allende in honor of those who began the independence movement and in 1826, the first constitution of the state of Guanajuato was adopted.[26] Like much of the rest of the country, Guanajuato was affected by the prolonged fighting between Liberal and Conservative factions as well as the foreign incursions that dominated the 19th century. Guanajuato's status vacillated between state (when Liberals were in charge) and department (when Conservatives held the upper hand). Under Liberal ideals, educational institutions such as the Colegio de la Santisima Trinidad and the Colegio de la Purisima Concepción were secularized and under control of the State.[26] In 1847, General Gabriel Valencia raised an army of 6,000 men to fight the U.S. invasion of Mexico. In 1848, in opposition to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, General Marian Paredes, General Manuel Doblado and priest Celedonio Dómeco de Jarauta revolted, taking the state capital, but they were defeated and Domeco was executed by firing squad.[23] In 1855, Conservative Manuel Doblado, then the governor of Guanajuato, forced Juan Álvarez out of the presidency after he took power from Antonio López de Santa Anna.[26] In 1858, the government under President Benito Juárez moved from Mexico City to the city of Guanajuato before moving again to Manzanillo and then Veracruz during the Reform War. During this three-year period, the state would vacillate various times between the Liberals and Conservatives. In 1863, it was taken over by the French as they installed Maximilian I as emperor of Mexico. Maximillian did not reign long but the governor he appointed for Guanajuato, Florencio Antillón remained in Guanajuato until 1877.[23]
The handcrafts of Guanajuato are dominated by products and designs of European origin, such as glazed pottery, serapes, rebozos, tin wares, wrought iron and silver work, although what is made and how they look vary among the various communities of the state. They are more austere than those of other parts of Mexico which has a wider variety of brighter colors due to more indigenous influence. However, there are some crafts that show influence from the indigenous groups of the state (Otomi, Purhepecha and Chichimeca Jonaz, but they are very local. 
Unlike many other craft producing states, most Guanajuato artisans are full-time, with few alternation this activity with agriculture. However, the number of craftsmen is limited, and the state does not produce the same quantities as states such as Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca or Michoacán. Like craftsmen from other areas, they can come from families who have producing a particular craft for generations or be new to the activity because of the popularity of Mexican handcrafts with tourists and collectors. In the first quarter of 2014, exports of Guanajuato handcrafts and furniture totaled 47.69 million USD; however, this number come from only forty enterprises which export.
Liceaga was born on October 13, 1839, in Guanajuato City, Guanajuato, the son of Dr. Francisco Liceaga and Trinidad Torres de Liceaga. He was educated at the old College of San Gregorio, Mexico City where he took the first prize in Latin, and later at the College of the State of Guanajuato, winning there prizes and honorable mention. His medical education was received at the National School of Medicine in Mexico City, from which he graduated in 1866. The Emperor Maximilian I bestowed on him the degree of Surgeon and a gold medal.
Michoacán–Guanajuato volcanic field is located in central Mexico. It is a volcanic field that takes the form of a large cinder cone field, with numerous shield volcanoes and maars.
Del Bajío International Airport, officially known as Aeropuerto Internacional de Guanajuato (Guanajuato International Airport) is an international airport located in Silao, Guanajuato, Mexico. It handles national and international air traffic of the area that includes the city of León and the state capital, Guanajuato. Guanajuato International Airport is an important connecting point for some flights from Mexico City to the United States. The general interior director announced plans to build a cargo terminal and for the construction of a second runway. The facility replaced the San Carlos Airport which is now part of the urban center of León. In late 2015, work began in the construction of a taxiway to be running parallel to the whole length of the runway. In August 2016, the airport opened its first and only VIP lounge, while in January 2017, work began in the modernization of the whole terminal, including expansion of the departures level as well as relocation of the customs and immigration check. Work was completed in mid 2018. 
It handled 1,711,400 passengers in 2016, and 1,955,600 passengers in 2017.
Guanajuato (Spanish pronunciation:[gwanaˈxwato]), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Guanajuato (Spanish: Estado Libre y Soberano de Guanajuato), is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, are the 32 Federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 46 municipalities and its capital city is Guanajuato. The largest city in the state is León.
Guanajuato, Mexico, may refer to:
Vanessa Ponce was born in Mexico City, Mexico, to Silvia Sánchez Valencia and Javier Ponce de León, and lived for five years in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico , and also in the State of Aguascalientes, Mexico for ten years. Later on she moved back to her hometown Mexico City, Mexico to live and work. She holds a degree in International Business and is on the board of directors of a rehab centre for girls and women. She studied in the State of Guanajuato, Mexico , International Commerce in the University of Guanajuato. 