Instruct: Given a question, retrieve passages that can help answer the question.
Query: How big is the Chinese diaspora in Australia?
Chinese Australians (traditional Chinese:華裔澳洲人; simplified Chinese:华裔澳洲人; pinyin:Huáyì àozhōu rén; Cantonese Yale:wàyeuih oujāu yàn) are Australian citizens of Chinese ancestry. Chinese Australians are one of the largest groups of Overseas Chinese people, forming the largest Overseas Chinese community in Oceania. Per capita, Australia has more people of Chinese ancestry than any country outside Asia. Many Chinese Australians have immigrated from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, and other countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines, while many are descendants of such immigrants. Chinese Australians are also a subgroup of Asian Australians and East Asian Australians and represent the single largest minority ethnicity in the country. As a whole, Australian residents identifying themselves as having Chinese ancestry made up 5.6% of those nominating their ancestry at the 2016 census[2] and numbered 1,213,903.[1]
Kuang () is a Chinese surname originated from central China. Although Kuang is not amongst the 100 most common Chinese surnames, it is common amongst the Chinese diaspora in Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Philippines, United States, United Kingdom, Canada，Australia, Fiji, Thailand, Perú, Cuba, Burma, Indonesia and Reunion Island.
The final end of the White Australia Policy saw new arrivals from the Chinese diaspora and for the first time significant numbers from non-Cantonese speaking parts of China. The first wave of arrivals were ethnic Chinese refugees from Vietnam and Cambodia during the 1970s; this was followed by economic migrants from Hong Kong in the 1980s and 1990s, whose families often settled in the capital cities while the breadwinner returned to Hong Kong to continue earning an income – a significant reversal of the traditional migration pattern.
The final end of the White Australia Policy saw new arrivals from the Chinese diaspora and for the first time significant numbers from non-Cantonese speaking parts of China. The first wave of arrivals were ethnic Chinese refugees from Vietnam and Cambodia during the 1970s; this was followed by economic migrants from Hong Kong in the 1980s and 1990s, whose families often settled in Sydney while the breadwinner returned to Hong Kong to continue earning an income – a significant reversal of the traditional migration pattern.
This region along with Chaoshan was also the source of much Chinese emigration from the 19th to the mid 20th centuries, including to the Western world, where they formed many Chinatowns. Today, much of the Chinese diaspora in the US, Canada, Australia, Latin America, and much of Southeast Asia traces their ancestry to this region. Its dominant language is Cantonese.
"My Chinese Heart" () is a Chinese patriotic song. The lyrics were written by James Wong in 1982 in protest of the falsifying of information on the Second Sino-Japanese War in Japanese History books by the Japanese Ministry of Education, as well as to disseminate Chinese nationalism. Wang Fuling composed the song and Cheung Ming-man was brought to fame for being its first singer. The song discusses the nature of Chinese identity, as well as the struggles and necessity of maintaining Chinese culture among the diaspora. It is a particularly well known piece among the diaspora community, and is viewed alongside The Great Wall Ballad as the de facto anthem of the Chinese diaspora. The song, which was released during the economic opening of China, also served to remind the Chinese population of their own identity during a period of increasing foreign influence.
The French diaspora designates the diaspora from France and their descendants. Countries with significant numbers of members of the French diaspora include the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, The United Kingdom and several countries of Latin America.
The concept of neo/new diaspora is explained by Juan Flores in his work The Diaspora strikes Back, by stating that the concept tries to “state what diasporas are, how they are, where they are in time and place , and what sets of relations condition their existence.” 
The Malaysian Tamil diaspora refers to the global diaspora of Malaysian Tamil origin. It can be said to be a subset of the larger Malaysian and Tamil diaspora. Most of them settled in Singapore, Australia and North America.
The documentary centres on the family story of director Kenda Gee and the last 150 years of the Chinese diaspora in Canada, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia. The movie begins documenting Gee's ancestors from 1910 China, further progressing through the years and focusing on the racism that they and other Chinese emigrants have experienced. "Lost Years" features interviews with Chinese emigrants such as Larry Kwong, the first Chinese Canadian to play in the NHL, Norman Kwong, former professional athlete and Lieutenant Governor of Alberta, and Gim Wong, decorated RCAF officer and Chinese head tax redress advocate, amongst others.
Due to the linguistic history of Hong Kong and Macau, and the use of Cantonese in many established overseas Chinese communities, diaspora speakers of Cantonese is numerous compared to speakers residing in China. Cantonese is the predominant Chinese variety spoken in Hong Kong and Macau. In these areas, public discourse takes place almost exclusively in Cantonese, making it the only variety of Chinese other than Mandarin to be used as an official language in the world. Because of their dominance in Chinese diaspora overseas, standard Cantonese and its dialect Taishanese are among the most common Chinese languages that one may encounter in the West.
Despite the long history of Chinese immigration to Australia, the first official presence of the Qing empire in Australia was not established until 1909, when Australia was a British Dominion. While the Chinese community had agitated for a Qing consulate in Australia for many years, there was reluctance from the British Foreign Office to approve such a move. After the Federation of Australia, the Chinese community's need for an official voice in Australia increased due to the push for the White Australia Policy and anti-Chinese sentiment following the enactment of the "Immigration Restriction Act 1901" in Australia. At the same time, Chinese republican revolutionaries were operating in Australia, and the Qing government saw a need to dissuade the Chinese diaspora against supporting the republicans. Reflecting the political debate in China, Chinese Australians had by 1900 formed branches of the Chinese Empire Reform Association to press for reform in China.
Perry highlights how Singapore is not a purely colonial European creation, but a Malay enclave called Temasek or Singapura, that recent archeological findings show that it goes back seven centuries. Drawn by trade between China and southeast Asia, Temasek attracted the Chinese diaspora, with a large sinic community making Temasek, and later Singapore, their home. Noways Singapore is the "largest Chinese city outside China".
Big Magic International is a Canadian exempt Category B Hindi language specialty channel and is owned by Ethnic Channels Group. It broadcasts programming from Big Magic, Bloomberg UTV and local Canadian content. The Channel has expanded internationally to markets like the US, Canada and Australia, which have an enormous South Asian Diaspora.
Waves of Chinese emigration (also known as the Chinese diaspora) have happened throughout history. The mass emigration known as the Chinese diaspora, which occurred from the 19th century to 1949, was mainly caused by wars and starvation in mainland China, invasion from various foreign countries, as well as problems resulting from political corruption. Most emigrants were illiterate peasants and manual labourers, called "coolies" (), who emigrated to work in places such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, Southeast Asia, and Zealandia.
Chinese Americans, which includes American-born Chinese, are Americans who have full or partial Chinese ancestry. Chinese Americans constitute one group of overseas Chinese and also a subgroup of East Asian Americans, which is a further subgroup of Asian Americans. Many Chinese Americans are immigrants along with their descendants from mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, as well as from other regions that include large populations of the Chinese diaspora, especially Southeast Asia and some Western countries like Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and France.
Chinese emigration (also known as the Chinese Diaspora; see also Overseas Chinese) first occurred thousands of years ago. The mass emigration that occurred from the 19th century to 1949 was caused mainly by wars and starvation in mainland China, as well as political corruption. Most immigrants were illiterate or poorly educated peasants and coolies (Chinese: 苦力, literally "hard labor"), who immigrated to developing countries in need of labor, such as the Americas, Australia, South Africa, Southeast Asia, Malaya and other places.
CTi International () is a Taiwanese pay television channel operated by Chung T'ien Television directed towards the Chinese diaspora abroad. It is available in Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand and North America.
The newspaper covers Australia news, mainland China news, Hong Kong and Taiwan news, international news, current affairs, forum and discussions, feature topic, entertainment, finance, property, car guide, lifestyle, travel, cuisine, health. The focus is on bringing relevant information to the Australia Chinese diaspora. The newspaper aims to "serve the Australian society by truly connecting the Chinese community with the Western mainstream through balanced reporting, promotion of both Australian and Chinese traditional cultures and values, and communicating the policies and views of the Australian government to the Chinese community in an unbiased way".
Chinese New Zealanders are New Zealanders of Chinese ancestry. Many of the Chinese immigrants came from Mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and other countries that have large populations of Chinese diaspora; today's Chinese New Zealand group is composed of diasporic communities from Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Vietnam and Singapore. As of 2013, Chinese New Zealanders account for 4.3% of the population of New Zealand, and are the largest Asian ethnic group in New Zealand, accounting for 36.3% of Asian New Zealanders. They constitute one group of overseas Chinese and represent the second largest Chinese community in Oceania, behind the Chinese community in Australia.
Wang Gungwu, (; born 9 October 1930) is an Australian historian of overseas Chinese descent. He has studied and written about the Chinese diaspora, but he has objected to the use of the word "diaspora" to describe the migration of Chinese from China because both it mistakenly implies that all overseas Chinese are the same and has been used to perpetuate fears of a "Chinese threat", under the control of the Chinese government. An expert on the Chinese tianxia ("all under heaven") concept, he was the first to suggest its application to the contemporary world as an American Tianxia.
Elsewhere, "How Big, How Blue, How Beautiful" topped the charts in Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, Poland and Switzerland, while reaching the top five in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and Spain, and the top 10 in Finland, Greece, Italy and Sweden.
Lion dance has spread across the world due to the worldwide presence of the diaspora Chinese communities and immigrant settlers in many countries in the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Pacific Polynesia, and in particular, in South East Asia where there is a large overseas Chinese presence.
Jamaicans are the citizens of Jamaica and their descendants in the Jamaican diaspora. Most Jamaicans are of African descent, with smaller minorities of Europeans, East Indians, Chinese and others or mixed ancestry. The bulk of the Jamaican diaspora resides in other Anglophone countries, namely Australia, Canada, United States and the United Kingdom and, to a lesser extent, other Caribbean countries and Commonwealth realms. Outside of Anglophone countries, the largest diaspora of Jamaicans lies in Costa Rica, where Jamaicans make up a significant percentage of the population.
The migration of some Peranakan families, particularly the well-to-do, has led to a small Peranakan diaspora to neighbouring countries, mainly from Vietnam right up to Australia. The 1998 anti-Chinese riots in Indonesia during the fall of Suharto had terrorised many Chinese Indonesians and Peranakans alike causing Chinese Indonesian communities that are affected by the riots to leave the country. However, these communities are very small, and with the increasing use of the various languages in their respective countries, the use of Peranakan Malay or Baba Malay has been diluted especially among the younger generation.