Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant documents that can help answer the question.
Query: Is there a plant genome project similar to the human genome project?
Announced in 2008, shortly after the human 1000 Genomes Project, the 1000 Plant Genomes Project (1KP) is a similar large-scale genomics using the high speed and efficiency of next-generation DNA sequencing. Headed by Dr. Gane Ka-Shu Wong and Dr. Michael Deyholos of the University of Alberta, the project successfully sequenced the transcriptomes (expressed genes) of 1000 different plant species by 2014.[1][2]
As of 2002, the number of classified green plant species is around 370,000. However, there are probably many thousands more yet unclassified.[5] Despite this number, very few of these species have detailed DNA sequence information to date; 125,426 species in GenBank, as of 11April2012,[6] but most (>95%) have DNA sequence for only one or two genes. "…almost none of the roughly half million plant species known to humanity has been touched by genomics at any level".[1] The 1000 Plant Genomes Project will produce a roughly a 100x increase in the number of species with available broad genome sequence.
The DNA sequencer was a critical technology for the Human Genome Project.
Hood was involved with the Human Genome Project from its first meeting, held at the University of California, Santa Cruz, in 1985. Hood became an enthusiastic advocate for The Human Genome Project and its potential. Hood directed the Human Genome Center’s sequencing of portions of human chromosomes 14 and 15.
Human and common chimpanzee DNA are very similar. After the completion of the Human Genome Project, a Chimpanzee Genome Project was initiated. In December 2003, a preliminary analysis of 7600 genes shared between the two genomes confirmed that certain genes, such as the forkhead-box P2 transcription factor which is involved in speech development, have undergone rapid evolution in the human lineage. A draft version of the chimpanzee genome was published on 1 September 2005, in an article produced by the Chimpanzee Sequencing and Analysis Consortium.
The Cancer Genome Project is part of the cancer, aging, and somatic mutation research based at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in The United Kingdom. It aims to identify sequence variants/mutations critical in the development of human cancers. Like The Cancer Genome Atlas project within the United States, the Cancer Genome Project represents an effort in the War on Cancer to improve cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention through a better understanding of the molecular basis of the disease. The Cancer Genome Project was launched by Michael Stratton in 2000, and Peter Campbell is now the group leader of the project. The project works to combine knowledge of the human genome sequence with high throughput mutation detection techniques.
The goals of the two projects are significantly different. While the 1000 Genomes Project focuses on genetic variation in a single species, the 1000 Plant Genomes Project looks at the evolutionary relationships and genes of 1000 different plant species.
Just as the Beijing Genomics Institute in Shenzhen, China is one of the major genomics centers involved in the 1000 Genomes Project, the institute is the site of sequencing for the 1000 Plant Genomes Project.[19] Both projects are large-scale efforts to obtain detailed DNA sequence information to improve our understanding of the organisms, and both projects will utilize next-generation sequencing to facilitate a timely completion.hai
1KP was one of the large-scale (involving many organisms) sequencing projects designed to take advantage of the wider availability of high-throughput ("next-generation") DNA sequencing technologies. The similar 1000 Genomes Project, for example, obtained high-coverage genome sequences of 1000 individual people between 2008 and 2015, to better understand human genetic variation[3][4].
Some members of the Human Genome Project (HGP) argued in favor of engaging in diversity research on data gleaned from the Human Genome Diversity Project, although most agreed that diversity research should be done by the HGP and not as a separate project.
A rough draft of the human genome was completed by the Human Genome Project in early 2001, creating much fanfare.[36] This project, completed in 2003, sequenced the entire genome for one specific person, and by 2007 this sequence was declared "finished" (less than one error in 20,000 bases and all chromosomes assembled).[36] In the years since then, the genomes of many other individuals have been sequenced, partly under the auspices of the 1000 Genomes Project, which announced the sequencing of 1,092 genomes in October 2012.[37] Completion of this project was made possible by the development of dramatically more efficient sequencing technologies and required the commitment of significant bioinformatics resources from a large international collaboration.[38] The continued analysis of human genomic data has profound political and social repercussions for human societies.[39]
An international consortium began sequencing and assembly of a draft genome for "A. thaliana" in 1990. 
This work paralleled the Human Genome Project
and related projects for other model organisms,
and built on efforts to sequence expressed sequence tags
from "A. thaliana".
Descriptions of the sequences of chromosomes 4 and 2 were published in 1999,
and the project was completed in 2000.
This represented the first reference genome for a flowering plant and facilitated comparative genomics.
Human genome projects are scientific endeavors that determine or study the structure of the human genome. The Human Genome Project was a landmark genome project.Regional:
Projects:
Human genomics and population genetics are the study of the human genome and variome, respectively. Studies in these areas may concern the patterns and trends in human DNA. The Human Genome Project and The Human Variome Project are examples of large scale studies of the entire human population to collect data which can be analyzed to understand genomic and genetic variation in individuals, respectively.
Whereas a genome sequence lists the order of every DNA base in a genome, a genome map identifies the landmarks. A genome map is less detailed than a genome sequence and aids in navigating around the genome. The Human Genome Project was organized to map and to sequence the human genome. A fundamental step in the project was the release of a detailed genomic map by Jean Weissenbach and his team at the Genoscope in Paris.
The Office of Biological and Environmental Research (BER) supports research and scientific user facilities in the biological and environmental sciences to support DOE's missions in energy, environment, and basic research. BER initiated the Human Genome Project in 1986 and has continued to support activity in genomics-based systems biology and initiatives related to biotechnology applications. The Joint Genome Institute, formed in 1997, initially conducted sequencing of human DNA in support of the Human Genome Project. Its current focus is on sequencing the genomes of microbes, microbial communities, fungi, plants, and other organisms. 
The Human Genome Project originally aimed to map the nucleotides contained in a human haploid reference genome (more than three billion). The "genome" of any given individual is unique; mapping the "human genome" involved sequencing a small number of individuals and then assembling these together to get a complete sequence for each chromosome. Therefore, the finished human genome is a mosaic, not representing any one individual.
. NHGRI led the National Institutes of Health's contribution to the International Human Genome Project. This project, which had as its primary goal the sequencing of the three thousand million base pairs that make up human genome, was successfully completed in April 2003. . Published from 1989 to 2002 by the US Department of Energy, this newsletter was a major communications method for coordination of the Human Genome Project. Complete online archives are available. Department of Energy's portal to the international Human Genome Project, Microbial Genome Program, and Genomics:GTL systems biology for energy and environment has general and detailed primers on DNA, genes and genomes, the Human Genome Project and science spotlights. , an automated annotation system and browser for the human genome , This site contains the reference sequence and working draft assemblies for a large collection of genomes. It also provides a portal to the ENCODE project. , including the HGP's paper on the draft genome sequence A free resource allowing you to explore the human genome, your health and your future. Venter discusses Celera's progress in deciphering the human genome sequence and its relationship to healthcare and to the federally funded Human Genome Project. Companion website to 2-hour NOVA program documenting the race to decode the genome, including the entire program hosted in 16 parts in either QuickTime or RealPlayer format. Numerous original documents at Georgetown University.
The Genome Project - Write (also known as GP-Write) includes sub-projects like Human Genome Project-Write (HGP-Write), formally announced on 2 Jun 2016, is an extension of Genome Projects (aimed at reading genomes since 1984), now to include development of technologies for synthesis and testing of many genomes of microbes, plants and animals. This leverages two decades of work on Synthetic Biology and Artificial gene synthesis.
1000 Genomes Project– International research project to catalog human genetic variation 100,000 Genomes Project– A UK Government project that is sequencing whole genomes from National Health Service patients Chimpanzee genome project ENCODE Physiome HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee Human Brain Project Human Connectome Project Human Cytome Project Human Microbiome Project Human proteome project Human Variome Project List of biological databases Neanderthal genome project– An effort to sequence the Neanderthal genome Wellcome Sanger Institute– British genomics research institute Genographic Project
The study of human populations has been at the forefront of genomic and clinical research since the Human Genome Project (HGP) was completed. Projects similar to HGDP are the 1000 Genomes Project and the HapMap Project. Each has its own specificities and each has been used by scientists to a large extent for overlapping purposes.
Birney is one of the founders of the Ensembl genome browser and other databases, and has played a key role in many large-scale genomics projects, notably the sequencing of the Human Genome in 2000 and the analysis of genome function in the ENCODE project. He has played a role in annotating the genome sequences of the human, mouse, chicken and several other organisms. His research group focuses on genomic algorithms and inter-individual differences in human and other animal species.
While the 1000 Genomes Project has been initially estimated to cost up to $50 million USD,[3] the 1000 Plant Genomes Project will likely not be as expensive; the difference in cost comes from the target sequence in the genomes.[1] Since the 1000 Plant Genomes Project will only be sequencing the transcriptome, whereas the human project will sequence as much of the genome as is decided feasible,[3] there is a much lower amount of sequencing effort needed in this more specific approach. While this means that there will be less overall sequence output relative to the 1000 Genomes Project, the non-coding portions of the genomes excluded in the 1000 Plant Genomes Project are not important to its goals like they are to the human project. So then the more focused approach of the 1000 Plant Genomes Project minimizes cost while still achieving its goals.
Genome projects are scientific endeavours that ultimately aim to determine the complete genome sequence of an organism (be it an animal, a plant, a fungus, a bacterium, an archaean, a protist or a virus) and to annotate protein-coding genes and other important genome-encoded features. The genome sequence of an organism includes the collective DNA sequences of each chromosome in the organism. For a bacterium containing a single chromosome, a genome project will aim to map the sequence of that chromosome. For the human species, whose genome includes 22 pairs of autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes, a complete genome sequence will involve 46 separate chromosome sequences.
Science knows precisely the cell lineage tree of only one organism a worm called Caenorhabditis elegans that reaches its full size of 1 millimeter and 1,000 cells in 36 hours. By comparison, a newborn mouse, weighing only a few grams, has about 1 billion cells. An average person has about 100 trillion cells. Understanding the structure and dynamics of the human cell lineage tree in development, growth, renewal, aging, and disease is a central and urgent quest of biology and medicine. The challenge of uncovering the Human Cell Lineage Tree is reminiscent, both in nature and in scope, to the challenge faced by the Human Genome Project at its inception and, in fact, its results will decisively contribute to the functional translation and ultimate understanding of the genome sequence. A technological leap of a magnitude similar to the one that occurred during the Human Genome Project is required for the success of the human cell lineage project, and the biological and biomedical impact of such a success could be of a magnitude similar, if not larger than that of the Human Genome Project.
Ensembl genome database project is a joint scientific project between the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, which was launched in 1999 in response to the imminent completion of the Human Genome Project. Ensembl aims to provide a centralized resource for geneticists, molecular biologists and other researchers studying the genomes of our own species and other vertebrates and model organisms. Ensembl is one of several well known genome browsers for the retrieval of genomic information.