Instruct: Given a question, retrieve passages that can help answer the question.
Query: Who is the leader of India?
This is a list of the heads of state of India, from the independence of India in 1947 to the present day. The current head of state of India is Ram Nath Kovind, elected in 2017 after being nominated by BJP, the party run by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
All India Janata Dal, was a political party in India. AIJD was launched on December 11, 2002 by several leaders of Janata Dal (Secular) and Janata Dal (United) in Karnataka, including the main JD(U) leader in the state Ramakrishna Hegde and JD(S) leader S. R. Bommai.
Binoy is married to Shaila. Shaila worked in the Kerala Gramin Bank as officer at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. Shaila completed a course from Nottingham University in creative writing. Both Binoy Viswam and Shaila are the children of two prominent Communist Party leaders. Binoy Viswam is the son of C.K.Viswanathan who was a leader of the Communist Party of India. He was the Asst Secretary of its State Committee and is a well-known campaigner and strategist. Shaila is the daughter of Koothattukulam Mary, a party leader turned teacher.
In 2002, Puri was the Ernst & Young "Entrepreneur of the Year" award for his contribution towards manufacturing industry in India. He is part of the many think tanks that are evolving solutions to usher energy sufficiency in India and was part of the World Economic Forum as one of the Young Global leaders. In 2007, "Business Today" rated him among the "Top 21 Young Leaders" in the country who could shape India’s destiny in the 21st century. "Dataquest" magazine has named him amongst the “Young Brigade in the IT Industry”.
In Sri Lanka, LSSP had been very active before the war, but the suppression of the party by the colonial authorities and the exile of various leaders to India weakened it severely. Also, the decision to merge LSSP with BLPI was not well established with the primary leaders of the party, who were in British jails. In India, BLPI had activities in a few areas. Many of the activists were exiled LSSPers who were concentrated in Bombay.
Ansari filed his nomination papers on 18 Jul United Progressive Alliance chairperson Sonia Gandhi, Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh Samajwadi Party leader Mulayam Singh Yadav, INC general secretary Rahul Gandhi, Nationalist Congress Party leader Sharad Pawar, RLD leader Ajit Singh, National Conference leader Farooq Abdullah, Finance Minister P Chidambaram, Defence MinisterA. K. Antony and RJD leader Lalu Prasad Yadav were among the political leaders who were present to support him at the time of his nomination. His candidature was announced by Sonia Gandhi at a UPA meeting held at Singh's official residence. Sonia Gandhi proposed his nomination by saying: "Mohd Hamid Ansari will complete shortly a term as Vice-President of India. He has presided over the Rajya Sabha with dignity and distinction. The UPA is honoured to nominate him as its candidate for a second term as Vice-President of India. " Sonia Gandhi, Mulayam Singh Yadav, Bahujan Samaj Party leader Satish Mishra and INCMP Motilal Vora then submitted one set of papers each to Viswanathan in support of Ansari's candidature.
Though Mukul Roy of the All India Trinamool Congress had put before the names of Gopalkrishna Gandhi and Krishna Bose, they declined to contest.
Mahmud was one of the members of the Congress Working Committee that endorsed the 1942 Quit India movement, calling for an immediate end to British rule. From August 1942, Mahmud and all of the other top leaders of the Quit India movement were imprisoned, mostly in Ahmednagar Fort. To the surprise of his fellow detainees, the government released Mahmud in October 1944. Initially he implied that he didn't know why he had been freed. Then the British authorities released to the press a letter that he had written to the Viceroy of India. In the letter Mahmud denied participating in the passage of the Quit India Resolution. His colleagues, who would remain imprisoned until May 1945, felt angry and betrayed. Mahmud met with Gandhi, and afterwards apologized for writing the letter and letting down his friends and the movement. Mahmud's standing with Indian nationalists improved over the succeeding years. He was one of the secular Muslim leaders who opposed the Muslim League's demand for the creation of a separate Muslim state of Pakistan, and worked with other Indian leaders against the resulting communal violence between Muslims and Hindus in Bihar and other parts of India.
The National Democratic Alliance (NDA) is a centre-right coalition of political parties in India. At the time of its formation in 1998, it was led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and had thirteen constituent parties. Its chairman was Late former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Also representing the alliance are L. K. Advani, former Deputy Prime Minister, who is the acting chairman of the Alliance, Narendra Modi, current Prime Minister and Leader of the House in Lok Sabha; and Arun Jaitley, Leader of the House in Rajya Sabha and Finance minister. The coalition ruled from 1998 to 2004. The alliance returned to power in the 2014 General election with a combined vote share of 38.5%. Its leader, Narendra Modi, was sworn in as Prime Minister of India on 26 May 2014.
In 1942, Kamaraj attended the All-India Congress Committee in Bombay and returned to spread propaganda material for the Quit India Movement. The police issued orders to all the leaders who attended this Bombay session. Kamaraj did not want to be arrested before he took the message to all district and local leaders. He decided not to go to Madras and decided to shorten his trip; he saw a large number of policemen waiting to arrest Congress leaders in Arakonam but managed to escape from the police and went to Ranipet, Tanjore, Trichy and Madurai to inform local leaders about the Quit India movement. He reached Virdhunagar after finishing his work and sent a message to the local police that he was ready to be arrested. He was arrested in August 1942. He was under detention for three years and was released in June 1945. This was his last prison term. Kamaraj was imprisoned six times by the British for his pro-Independence activities, that added up to more than 3,000 days in jail.
There are many important noted people from this district in India as well as abroad. Samastipur district has produced several nationally as well as internationally recognized scientists and famous leaders, including freedom fighters and political leaders, who have occupied ministerial posts in the Government of India have been recognized.
Central Organising Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Shantipal is an underground political party in India. The Shanti Pal group emerged as through a split in the North Bengal-Bihar Regional Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist), being the pro-Lin Biao faction. The leader of the faction, Shanti Pal, had been a school teacher in Phansidewa who became a key CPI(ML) leader. After forming his own faction Pal remained loyal to the line of the CPI(ML) leader Charu Majumdar. Pal's party combatted landlords in areas like Godda and Sahebganj. The party opposes participation in elections and calls for armed agrarian revolution.
Prime Minister Morarji Desai and the Minister of External Affairs Atal Bihari Vajpayee began significant changes in India's foreign policy, moving away from the course adopted by Indira's government. Both Pakistan and China had celebrated the ouster of Indira Gandhi, who had preserved a hardline stance against India's rival neighbours. In 1979, Atal Bihari Vajpayee became the highest-ranking Indian official to visit Beijing, meeting China's leaders. The Desai government re-established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, which had been severed due to the Sino-Indian War of 1962. Both nations established regular dialogue to resolve long-standing territorial disputes, expand trade and enhance border security. The Desai government ended India's support for the guerrillas loyal to Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the founding leader of Bangladesh, who had been assassinated in 1975 by military officers and replaced by a military regime that sought to distance itself from India.
In 2018, Ricky was named in the prestigious "Real Leaders 100 List". Real Leaders (A Signatory to the United Nations) curates this list of leaders who 'Inspire the Future'. In May 2018, Kej was honoured by The House of Commons, Canada for "Outstanding Musical and Humanitarian Achievement". Ricky was the only representative from India. Ricky Kej's life and journey as a musician is now taught to 7th Grade children in India as part of the ICSE syllabus English textbooks. Ricky Kej is notably also a professor at the prestigious National Institute of Advanced Studies (at the Indian Institute of Science). Kej has been named as an ambassador for the Earth Day Network.
During his graduation and later while doing his LLB, he came into contact with leaders of the Indian independence movement, which he joined in the late 1930s. He wrote revolutionary poetry while he led the student's movement along with other student leaders such as Shankar Dayal Sharma, who later went on to become the President of India. His poetry drew praise from Sarojini Naidu, and he was subsequently elected as the Secretary-General of the All India Student’s Federation. He remained the Secretary-General of the All India Students Federation during the Quit India Movement (1942) launched by Mahatma Gandhi.
Indian nationalist leaders challenged Britain’s propaganda regarding India in the United States primarily through the publication of pamphlets, magazines, articles in newspapers and events. The biggest monthly pamphlet was titled “India Today” and was published by the India League of America. This pamphlet was an opportunity to disseminate the pro-independence arguments of the nationalist Indian Congress Party, and in particular the leader Jawaharlal Nehru. The India League of America also published some broadsheets in 1942, with titles such as “India: Her position in a changing world,” “Storm over India,” and “Can Indians get together?” These publications did not significantly impact American public opinion. A full-page advertisement sponsored by the India League and placed in the Washington Post on May 19, 1943 stressed that “The Time For Mediation is NOW” and listed the names of influential Americans who supported Indian independence, and provided reasons for why it was important.
In India, Leaders of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha are accorded statutory recognition. The Salary and Allowances of Leaders of Opposition in Parliament Act, 1977, defines the Leader of the Opposition, in relation to either House of Parliament, as 'member of the Council of States or the House of the People, as the case may be, who is, for the time being, the Leader in that House of the party in opposition to the Government having the greatest numerical strength and recognised as such by the Chairman of the Council of States or the Speaker of the House of the People, as the case may be*. In the explanation to the said definition it has been clarified that where there are two or more parties in opposition to the Government, in the Council of States or in the House of the People, having the *According to directions issued by the Presiding Officers of both the Houses the minimum numerical strength required for recognition as a political party is one tenth of the total membership of the House.same numerical strength, the Chairman of the Council of States or the Speaker of the House of the People, as the case may be, shall, having regard to the status of the parties, recognise any one of the Leaders of such parties as the Leader of the Opposition for the purposes of this section and such recognition shall be final and conclusive.
Indian home rule movement began in India in the background of World War I. The Government of India Act (1909) failed to satisfy the demands of the national leaders. However, the split in the congress and the absence of leaders like Tilak, who was imprisoned in Mandalay meant that nationalistic response was tepid.
India HIV/AIDS Alliance also organises Leadership awards at the world AIDS day. The award ceremony has two sections. The first section is respecting the existing leaders who have made immense contribution to the community and the sector. And the second section is giving awards to new and emerging leaders. The first Leadership awards were organised in 2016.
Indo-Italian relations, although historically cordial, have gone into a steep downward trend to the point of becoming publicly contentious. In recent times, the state of India-Italy bilateral relations have mirrored the political fortunes of Sonia Maino-Gandhi, the Italian born leader of the Indian National Congress and who was the "de facto" leader of the UPA government of Manmohan Singh. The relationship continues to be polluted by investigations for impropriety in defence deals involving Italy and legal wrangling on matters of court jurisdiction and sovereign immunity after the killing of two Indian fishermen by Italian Navy Marines. Italian actions to politicise the issue has entrenched India's resolve to refuse a political settlement and pursue the case of the Italian marines to a judicial conclusion. Italy has reportedly resorted to opposing India within the European Union and at multilateral forums: from dampening India's efforts in Brussels to going slow on India's bid to join the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR).
Abdul Matlib Mazumdar (1890–1980) was an Indian freedom fighter and political leader based in undivided Assam State. In 1946, when India was still under British rule, he became an MLA and also Cabinet Minister of Assam. He was one of the prominent Muslim leaders of eastern India to support Hindu-Muslim unity, opposing the partition of India on communal lines. Mazumdar along with Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed (who later became the 5th President of India) became the most prominent Muslim opponents of the demand for a separate Muslim state of Pakistan, especially in the eastern part of the country.
These events had their direct fall-out in the Communist Party of India. Former nationalist vs. international socialist debate had now turned into a conflict between the Right (the Russian line) and the Left (the Chinese line). Dange, who was supporting the Nehru Government, was the main leader of the Right. After the death of Secretary-General Ajoy Ghosh in January 1962, a truce was established. Dange, who at that time was the head of the All-India Trade Union Congress, became the first chairman of the CPI and the centrist leader, Namboodiripad, became the Secretary-General.
India is contrasted with China. India could not use extreme force on its population due to the traditional power of the brahmin priestly caste, who protested violence against the populace and war against neighboring states, by refusing to perform ancestral rituals for the Raja leaders. The power of the Brahmins weakening the state's power over its people, and effectively forced a strong accountability on its leaders to the population of India via its priestly class. An example Fukuyama gives of the influence religion had on early Indian rulers is Ashoka (304–232 BCE) of the Maurya Dynasty, who under the influence of Buddhism (rather than Brahmanism) came to regret his conquests in the Kalinga War. He vowed to end his empire, and eventually the entire political system collapsed.
The Governor-General of India, Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, along with Nehru and Patel, formed the "triumvirate" that ruled India from 1948 to 1950. Prime Minister Nehru was intensely popular with the masses, but Patel enjoyed the loyalty and the faith of rank and file Congressmen, state leaders, and India's civil servants. Patel was a senior leader in the Constituent Assembly of India and was responsible in large measure for shaping India's constitution. He is also known as the "Bismarck of India". Patel was a key force behind the appointment of Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar as the chairman of the drafting committee, and the inclusion of leaders from a diverse political spectrum in the process of writing the constitution.
The Leader of the Opposition is the politician who leads the official opposition in either House of the Parliament of India.
The future leader of the Soviet Union, Leonid Brezhnev, who was touring India at the time of the war, made several speeches applauding the Indian action. In a farewell message, he urged Indians to ignore Western indignation as it came "from those who are accustomed to strangle the peoples striving for independence... and from those who enrich themselves from colonialist plunder". Nikita Khrushchev, the de facto Soviet leader, telegraphed Nehru stating that there was "unanimous acclaim" from every Soviet citizen for "Friendly India". The USSR had earlier vetoed a UN security council resolution condemning the Indian invasion of Goa.