Instruct: Given a question, retrieve relevant documents that can help answer the question.
Query: How wide is Cerro Blanco?
The Cerro Blanco complex is formed from pyroclastic flows extending from nested calderas. The Robledo caldera is heavily eroded and has assumed a semicircular shape. The rim of the Cerro Blanco caldera proper is well-preserved, with ash and block flows filling the interior.[2] Another theory holds that the northern Cerro Blanco and the southern Robledo calderas are part of one caldera with a minimum subsidence of 700 metres (2,300ft) and a dimension of 13 by 10 kilometres (8.1mi ×6.2mi).[4] The Cerro Blanco caldera is 6 kilometres (3.7mi) wide. On its southern rim, surrounded by ashfall deposits, lies the Holocene Cerro Blanco del Robledo lava dome ().[1] Some sources call the whole volcano Robledo and use Cerro Blanco to refer to the lava dome.[9] A third caldera north of Cerro Blanco is known as El Niño caldera[10] The whole volcanic complex is formed from lava domes, ignimbrites, ash and block flows and unconsolidated deposits. Cerro Blanco is the largest lava dome and has a debris collapse deposit on its northern side. A hydrothermally altered area in the middle of the caldera has been linked to phreatomagmatic activity. The El Escondido crater northeast of the caldera is 1.2 kilometres (0.75mi) wide and 40 metres (130ft) deep. It shows a dark colour and semiannular shape in satellite images and has been interpreted as a phreatic crater.[2] Other such craters are located within the caldera.[11] Aside from craters and calderas, there are about seven lava domes west of the caldera which are sources of block and ash flows and pyroclastic material; some of these predate the calderas, others formed after caldera formation and in some the relationship to the calderas is not clear.[12] The complex is located at the southwest end of a volcano-tectonic depression formed by local fault systems. These fault systems channel magma during eruptions; usually no eruption column is formed. The formation of the depression may be influenced by the emptying of magma chambers associated with the volcano.[4]
A lava dome () formed 7.3 ± 0.5 mya and red ignimbrite 8.1 ± 0.5 mya. 2.3–1.3 mya an east-northeast chain of andesitic lava domes was formed, with the youngest dome () being 1.3 ± 0.4 mya old and located next to Cerro Blanco. 0.8 mya mafic andesite was erupted south and west of Carachipampa () and Laguna de Purulla (). The Cueros de Purulla obsidian lava dome () formed 0.4 ± 0.1 mya.[5]
Nevado Tres Cruces lies to the west and Nevado Ojos del Salado lies to the southwest of the Cerro Blanco centre. East-northeast running fault systems are controlled by local tectonics and may be responsible for the formation of the Cordillera de San Buenaventura. The 4-3.7 mya Laguna Amarga west of Cerro Blanco erupted rhyolites, unlike Cerro Blanco's ignimbrites.[5] The better known Cerro Galán caldera lies 80 kilometres (50mi) northeast of Cerro Blanco.[1] It forms a southwest-northeast volcanic line with Cerro Blanco and Incapillo. This line was active less than 2.5 mya ago.[3] Another trend is defined by the Culampaja line running from Sierra Nevada over Cerro Cóndor and Cerro Peinado to Blanco.[6] Other volcanic centres in the region are the Miocene-Pliocene ignimbrites Las Juntas and Las Papas. Minor bimodal–mafic volcanic centres during the Pleistocene–Holocene include volcanoes in the Pasto Ventura, Salar de Carachi Pampa and Volcán Negro Peinado areals. Felsic centres include Chascón and Cueros de Purulla.[4] Cerro Purulla lies north-northwest of Cerro Blanco and the La Hoyada volcanic complex lies directly west.[7] 4,380 metres (14,370ft) Cueros de Purulla and 4,290 metres (14,070ft) Chascón are major sources of obsidian in the Puna of Catamarca region.[8]
There is no relation to the endangered, endemic Pico Blanco Toad as it is reported to be found further to the southeast.
The Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) is an astronomical observatory located on Cerro Tololo in the Coquimbo Region of northern Chile, with additional facilities located on Cerro Pachón about to the southeast. It is within the Coquimbo Region and approximately east of La Serena, where support facilities are located. The site was identified by a team of scientists from Chile and the United States in 1959, and it was selected in 1962. Construction began in 1963 and regular astronomical observations commenced in 1965. Construction of large buildings on Cerro Tololo ended with the completion of the Víctor Blanco Telescope in 1974, but smaller facilities have been built since then. Cerro Pachón is still under development, with two large telescopes inaugurated since 2000, and one in the early stages of construction.
The most active are San Martín Tuxtla (Tiltépetl, 1,680masl), Santa Marta (1,680masl), San Martín Pajapan (1,180masl), Cerro de Campanario (1540masl), Cerro Mono Blanco (1,380masl), Cerro de Vigía or Cerro Tuxtla (860masl) and Cerro Blanco (640masl). The last recorded eruptions were of San Martín Tuxtla in 1664 and 1793. There are many other volcanic cones with forty containing crater lakes. The volcanic activity has shaped the mountain range as well as water flow.
The Santiago Basin is part of the Intermediate Depression and is remarkably flat, interrupted only by a few "island hills"; among them are Cerro Renca, Cerro Blanco, and Cerro Santa Lucía. The basin is approximately in a north–south direction and from east to west. The Mapocho River flows through the city. 
Five pyroclastic cones are found in the field and are named Cerro el Barril (), high Cerro Blanco which is covered by lava bombs (), Cerro los Fierros (), Cerro Mogote de Corralles (), Cerro Villalobos () and Rancho la Poma (). These cones and associated lava flows cover a surface of about . The Rio Moctezuma and its tributary Rio Tepache flow through the area. Lava flows have repeatedly impounded the Moctezuma river and dammed it.
Completed in 1840, the Iglesia de la Viñita (Church of the Small Wineyard) is located at the lower southeast flank of Cerro Blanco, 
which is consecrated to Our Lady of Montserrat.
Cerro Blanco Forest (Spanish: "Bosque Protector Cerro Blanco") is a tropical dry forest reserve in the Guayas Province of Ecuador. It belongs to the company Holcim Ecuador and is administered by the foundation Fundación Pro-Bosque. It can be visited. More than 200 species of birds, more than 50 species of mammals (more than twenty of them bats), more than 10 species of reptiles and 10 species of amphibians can be seen, along with a variety of spiders, butterflies and other animals. It is known for its howler monkeys.
Cerro Blanco is a caldera in the Andes of the Catamarca Province in Argentina. Part of the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes, it is a volcano collapse structure located at an altitude of 4,670 metres (15,320ft) in a depression. The caldera is associated with a less well defined caldera to the south and several lava domes.
Evidence indicates that such calderas can fill in within a timespan of hundreds to thousands of years. Two possible scenarios of an eruption are the formation of Plinian eruption columns or more tranquil subhorizontal eruption of pyroclastic flows from vents. Given the low population density of 0.06 people per 1 square kilometre (0.39sqmi), the impact of the eruption on local population will be small. Westerly winds may cause larger impact west of the centre, with air travel particularly affected. The community of Bolsón de Fiambalá 50 kilometres (31mi) south of the caldera is beneath the level of Cerro Blanco and connected to it by valleys. In a future eruption, pyroclastic currents and less dense clouds associated with them from Cerro Blanco might reach the community.[4]
The principal telescopes at CTIO are the 4 m Víctor M. Blanco Telescope, named after Puerto Rican astronomer Victor Manuel Blanco, and the 4.1 m Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope, which is situated on Cerro Pachón. Other telescopes on Cerro Tololo include the 1.5 m, 1.3 m, 1.0 m, and 0.9 m telescopes operated by the SMARTS consortium. CTIO also hosts other research projects, such as PROMPT, WHAM, and LCOGTN, providing a platform for access to the southern hemisphere for U.S. and worldwide scientific research.
José Luís' brigade began its advance on 12 October 1864. Two days later, near the Brazilian town of Jaguarão, the force invaded Uruguay's Cerro Largo Department. The Blancos attacked the Brazilian force during its march in several skirmishes, but was unnable to prevent its progress. On 16 October, the brigade entered Melo unopposed. The town was the capital of Cerro Largo and had been abandoned by the Blancos. The brigade withdrew to rendezvous with the main army on 24 October, after handing over control of Melo to the Uruguayan Colorados. A few day previously, on 20 October, Brazil's Vice-Admiral Joaquim Marques Lisboa (then-Baron of Tamandaré) had formed a secret anti-Blancos alliance with Uruguay's Brigadier General Venancio Flores, leader of the Colorados.
Aeolian erosion has reworked the ashes generated by the eruption, generating dunes[4] which occur as far south as the Bolsón de Fiambalá.[23] The Cerro Blanco eruption pyroclastics are a major source of dust in northwestern Argentina. In 2015, an episode of strong wind blew enough volcanic dust into the air that the resulting dust cloud was mistaken for a renewed volcanic eruption of Ojos del Salado volcano, a major volcanic edifice in the region.[20]
The municipal seat is in a small, elongated valley, but most of the municipality is on a high mesa which transitions from the Valley of Mexico to the Mezquital Valley. The highest mountains in Apaxco are the Cerro El Estudiante, Cerro Teña, Cerro Coyotillos, Cerro Blanco and Cerro Pelón in Tezontlalpan Sierra. Other mountains are Cerro Mesa Ahumada (or Cerro Colorado) in the border between the municipalities of Huehuetoca and Tequixquiac. In the center of Apaxco de Ocampo is a low relief known as "El Hoyo" (the hole), which according to popular belief is the crater of a meteorite; the Aztec people called the depression "apatztli" in the Nahuatl language.
This complex contains two subcomplexes: Cerro Blanco and Las Termas. The subcomplex Cerro Blanco includes the volcanoes Santa Gertrudis, Gato, Cerro Blanco, Colcura, Calfú Pichicalfú and Baños. The subcomplex Las Termas includes the volcanoes Shangri-La, Nuevo, Arrau, Viejo, Chillán y Pata de Perro. In addition, near of the complex there are two piroclastic satellite cones, the volcanoes Las Lagunillas and Parador.
The Cerro Pico Blanco is the second highest mountain of the Cerros de Escazú, Costa Rica, with a summit elevation of . "Pico Blanco" means literally 'white peak', making reference of the rocky outcropping close to its highest point, that looks light gray from the Central Valley.
In July 1967, Blanco became the second director of the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO). Located in Cerro Tololo mountain, Chile and founded in 1963, it is part of the National (U.S.) Optical Astronomy Observatory known as "NOAO." Blanco assembled the scientific, engineering, and technical staff from scratch.
The highest peak is Cerro Rabo de Mico with , followed closely by Cerro Cedral with . Other relevant mountains include Cerro Pico Alto with , Cerro Pico Blanco and Cerro San Miguel with .
Cerro Blanco metro station is named for the hill.
Embrujo en Cerros Blancos is a 1955 Argentine film.
Cerro Blanco is an underground metro station on the Line 2 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. The station takes its name from the nearby Cerro Blanco ("White Hill").
Cerro Blanco is a hill and historical landmark in the city of Santiago, Chile. This geographic feature
rises above the surrounding terrain and covers a surface area of . It is bordered by Recoleta Avenue on the east, Santos Dumont Avenue on the south and La Unión Street on the north. The latter street separates the hill from the Cementerio General de Santiago. Cerro Blanco (Blanco is Spanish for white) is named so because the white habit used by the Domenicans who were owners of the land where the hill stands during the colonial period.
Activity of Cerro Blanco goes back 8 mya, when the Maricunga Belt in the west was active.[5] The volcano is responsible for a large Holocene eruption with a Volcano explosivity index 7, the largest in the Andean Central Volcanic Zone for 5000 years. It is comparable to Santorini and Tambora's large eruptions.[17]