Instruct: Given a question, retrieve passages that can help answer the question.
Query: Did Romania participate in WWII?
Following the outbreak of World War II on 1 September 1939, the Kingdom of Romania under King Carol II officially adopted a position of neutrality. However, the rapidly changing situation in Europe during 1940, as well as domestic political upheaval, undermined this stance. Fascist political forces such as the Iron Guard rose in popularity and power, urging an alliance with Nazi Germany and its allies. As the military fortunes of Romania's two main guarantors of territorial integrity—France and Britain—crumbled in the Fall of France, the government of Romania turned to Germany in hopes of a similar guarantee, unaware that the then dominant European power had already granted its consent to Soviet territorial claims in a secret protocol of 1939's Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
Due preparations for the 1995 Rugby World Cup, France, Italy and Romania did not participate in the 1994-95 season of the competition, so for that season a "Preliminary Tournament" was organised with ten other teams. The higher ranked seven teams were admitted to this tournament, with France, Italy and Romania.
Romania's participation in the modern Miss Universe pageant began with Miss Romania Daniella Nane who participated in Miss Universe 1991, and where the famous Romanian gymnast Nadia Comăneci served on the international jury. After 1998, Romania dropped from Miss Universe for 11 years, and returned in 2009. In 2016, the license to celebrate the contest Miss Universe Romania was granted to the agency ExclusivEvent, having as president to Ernest Hadrian Böhm.
Hungary did not immediately participate in the invasion of the Soviet Union. The invasion began on 22 June 1941, but Hitler did not directly ask for Hungarian assistance. Nonetheless, many Hungarian officials argued for participation in the war in order to encourage Hitler not to favour Romania in the event of border revisions in Transylvania. On 26 June 1941, the Soviet air force bombed Košice (Kassa). Some speculation exists that this was a "false-flag" attack instigated by Germany (possibly in cooperation with Romania) to give Hungary a "casus belli" for joining Operation Barbarossa and the war. Hungary declared war against the Soviets on 27 June 1941.
This was Romania's first ever participation in the Winter Paralympics, although it has been participating in the Summer Games since 1972.
Romanian sovereignty over Bessarabia was "de jure" recognized by the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Japan in the "Bessarabian Treaty" signed on October 28, 1920. Soviet Russia and Ukraine promptly notified Romania that they did not recognize the treaty's validity, and did not consider themselves bound by it. Ultimately, Japan failed to ratify the treaty, and thus it never came into force, leaving Romania without a valid international act to justify its possession of Bessarabia. The United States refused to discuss territorial changes in the former Russian Empire without the participation of a Russian government. Thus, it declined to recognize the incorporation of Bessarabia into Romania, and, unlike its position of recognizing the independence of the Baltic States, it insisted that Bessarabia was a territory under Romanian military occupation, and incorporated the Bessarabian emigration quota into the Russian one in 1923. In 1933, the U.S. government tacitly included the Bessarabian emigration quota into that of Romania, an act considered a "de facto" recognition by Romanian diplomacy. However, during World War II, the U.S. argued it had never recognized Bessarabia's union with Romania.
Marin Preda is often considered the most important post-WWII Romanian novelist. His novel "Moromeţii" ("The Moromete Family") describes the life and difficulties of an ordinary peasant family in pre-war Romania and later during the advent of Communism in Romania. His most important book remains "Cel mai iubit dintre pământeni" ("The Most Beloved of Earthlings"), a cruel description of communist society. Zaharia Stancu published his first important novel, "Desculț" (Barefoot), in 1948.
During WWII , Croatia was occupied by Nazi Germany, and under the nazi-supported Ustaša regime, the nation proclaimed independence, and was named the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). During these years, the Croatian leadership was under the Ustaša political party, headed by the clerical fascist leader Ante Pavelić. The NDH was supported by the Axis powers and participated in the creation, and use of, concentration and extermination camps. While this puppet state adapted the anti-semitic policy of the Axis powers, their goal was also to ethnically cleanse all Serbian and Roma people in acts of systematic extermination. It is thought that the war crimes and the Holocaust in Croatia during WWII committed by the Ustaša regime is what spurred some anti-Croat sentiment within some parts of the Serbian populations later on. After WWII, Yugoslavia became a socialist state. This communist state under Tito branded the different Croat seperatist groups as fascist terrorists with no goal other than to destroy the state. While this view of the Croat diaspora population was largely slanted, it did describe a small number of loosely organized groups which were in line with the Ustaše.
Romania first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, with a single participant. The National Olympic Committee for Romania is the Romanian Olympic and Sports Committee, and was created and recognized in 1914. The nation first sent a team to compete at the Games in 1924, and has only missed two editions each of the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games since then. Notably, Romania was the lone Eastern Bloc nation to participate at the 1984 Summer Olympics, which the other nations boycotted. That was also Romania's most successful Olympic Games: they won 20 gold medals and 53 medals total.
In October 1917, he settled in Chișinău, capital of the Bessarabia region, in autumn 1917, together with the other wandering Transylvanians. There, he edited "România Nouă" newspaper with Onisifor Ghibu. Later, he was named editor of "Sfatul Ţării" newspaper, the official organ of "Sfatul Țării", which governed the Moldavian Democratic Republic. Although he did not participate in the events leading up to the union of Transylvania with Romania, he did take satisfaction from the fact that his patriotic writings advocated and helped shift public opinion toward the union of Bessarabia with Romania.
The participation of Romania in the Bala Turkvision Song Contest first began in Istanbul, Turkey, at the inaugural Bala Turkvision Song Contest in 2015. Alpha TV Media (ATVM) have been responsible for the selection process of their participants, since their debut in 2015. İrem Kayaali was the first representative for Romania at the Bala Turkvision Song Contest 2015 with the song "Sihirbaz", which finished in sixth place out of thirteen participating entries, achieving a score of one-hundred and two points. As of Bala Turkvision 2015, Romania have awarded the most points to . They have received the most points from , , and . Romania confirmed on 2 March 2017 of their plans to participate in the Bala Turkvision Song Contest 2017.
The failure of the Romanian front for the Entente was also the result of several factors beyond Romania's control. The failed Salonika Offensive did not meet the expectation of Romania's "guaranteed security" from Bulgaria. This proved to be a critical strain on Romania's ability to wage a successful offensive in Transylvania, as it needed to divert troops south to the defense of Dobruja. Furthermore, Russian reinforcements in Romania did not materialize to the number of 200,000 soldiers initially demanded. Romania was thus placed in a difficult situation several months after it joined the war, with the Entente unable to provide the support it had promised earlier. All of these amounted to a crushing defeat of Romania, instead of the "decisive deathblow" to the Austro-Hungarian Empire that the Entente had expected.
The Romanian United Principalities did not participate in any wars.
Most European heads of state and government refused to participate at the opening ceremony, sending mid- or low-level representatives instead. Among those who did participate were Vladimir Putin of Russia, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of Turkey, Aleksander Lukashenko of Belarus, Boyko Borisov of Bulgaria and Victor Ponta of Romania. Ponta and Borisov faced criticism at home for their participation.
Romania did not take part in the invasion, nor did Albania, which subsequently withdrew from the Warsaw Pact over the matter. The participation of the German Democratic Republic was cancelled just hours before the invasion. The decision for the non-participation of the East German Army in the invasion was made on short notice by Brezhnev following requests by high-ranking Czechoslovak opponents of Dubcek who feared much larger Czechoslovak resistance if German troops were present on Czechoslovak territory, due to previous Czech experience with the German occupation of Czechoslovakia. 
Romania did not send any all-around teams to the Olympics for the first time since 1968, despite Cătălina Ponor coming out of retirement. This ended the streak of winning a team medal in the event since 1976. Romania has entered three artistic gymnasts into the Olympic competition. Four-time Olympic medalist Marian Drăgulescu claimed his Olympic spot in the men's apparatus and all-around events at the 2015 World Championships, while two more places were awarded to one Romanian male and female gymnast, who participated at the Olympic Test Event in Rio de Janeiro.
Germany attacked Yugoslavia from bases in three countries besides itself: Hungary, Romania, and Bulgaria. German troops entered each of these countries under different pretenses and at different times. The first country to receive a German military mission was Romania. Ostensibly to train the Romanian armed forces, its real purpose was to protect Romania's petroleum resources and prepare for an attack on the Soviet Union. The "Wehrmacht" entered Bulgaria more circumspectly, first with the intention of provided aerial defense against any force attacking Romania's oilfields and later with that of invading Greece in support of Italy. German troops did not enter Hungary until the attack on Yugoslavia was already planned and Hungary's participation had been secured.
Initially, before 1877, Russia did not wish to cooperate with Romania, since they did not wish Romania to participate in the peace treaties after the war, but the Russians encountered a very strong Ottoman army of 40,000 soldiers led by Osman Pasha at the Siege of Plevna (Pleven) where the Russian troops led by Russian generals suffered very heavy losses and were routed in several battles.
At the photo shoot, the girls do a shoot inspired of Greek Mythology Part II, due to health problems, Laura did not participate on the photo shoot.
The 1929-31 was the first edition of the Balkan Cup. Four teams participated: (Romania, Greece, Yugoslavia, and Bulgaria). Romania won the trophy ahead of second placed Yugoslavia. Greece came third and Bulgaria was last. The best goalscorers were Bodola and Wetzer, both from Romania and with 7 goals each. Albania had registered for the tournament, but retired before the beginning and did not participate.
In early January 2012, Romania's participation remained unconfirmed. The online portal of one of Romania's newspapers, "Cotidianul", assumed that Romania was not going to enter the 2012 edition of the contest due the lack of foundation, but TVR officials did not confirm this claim. It was subsequently announced that Romania would take part in the 2012 Eurovision Song Contest. TVR pressured the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) to lower the entry fee and stated that participation was only possible if 40% of all the costs that may occur could be funded by a sponsor.
At the end of the war, when Transylvania and Romania were united in 1918, Reuss Ianculescu became a vice president of "Uniunea Femeior Române din România Mare" (Union of Romanian Women from Greater Romania), which was headed by Maria Baiulescu. In 1921 the LDDFR joined in the umbrella association "Consiliul Național al Femeilor Române" (National Council of Romanian Women). Reuss Ianculescu served as vice president of the new organization, which became affiliated with the International Council of Women. Two years later, she was appointed as "president for life" of LDDFR. Between 1926 and 1935, Reuss Ianculescu served as a board member of International Women's Suffrage Alliance. When the 1923 Constitution of Romania was drafted it did not offer women the right to vote, instead treating them as legal incompetents. Reuss Ianculescu continued pushing through the various organizations to secure suffrage and the women were partially successful, when in 1929, they won the right to participate in local elections. In 1938, they won the right to participate in general elections, though they would lose those rights the following year.
Reuss Ianculescu died on 29 December 1938 in her home in Igești, which at that time was part of Greater Romania.
The table below contains the list of members of people (called "Team Romania") that will be participating in the 2018 Games.
The Romanian National Paralympic Committee has few employees. They also have very little money. Despite this, they try very hard to help all sportspeople with disabilities in Romania. Their 2014 budget was for twelve sports. Snowboard became their thirteenth sport. This happened after Mihaita Papara asked the Committee Chairperson Sally Wood Lamont to support him. In 2016, the budget for the Romanian National Paralympic Committee increased. The year of the Summer Paralympics, their budget was . In comparison, Croatia had a budget of in 2015. They money increased because Romanians did well in international competitions. Because the costs to compete are very high, the money was still not enough. There are few sponsors for disability sportspeople in Romania. The Paralympic Games do not get much media coverage. This makes it very difficult for people in Romania to go to the Paralympic Games.
Romania participated again in the 2014 contest in Kazan, Tatarstan. Alpha Media TV selected their 2013 participant Genghiz Erhan Cutcalai to represent as part of a duet with Gafar Alev Sibel. In Kazan the duet sang "Genclik basa bir gelir", they performed 22nd in the semi final but finished in 17th place on 158 points and did not qualify for the final.
Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Greece, Italy, Second Polish Republic, Portugal, Romania, France, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Japan were represented at the 2nd session of the Hague Conference on Reparations (August 6-31, 1929). The US officially did not participate in the conference; however, initiating the Young Plan, put pressure on the participants of the conference, seeking to make this plan.