defmodule Automata.Reasoning.Cognitive.Metacognition.MetacognitiveSystem do
  @moduledoc """
  Meta-Cognitive System

  This module serves as the main entry point for the Meta-Cognitive System,
  coordinating the interaction between the Reflection Framework and Self-Modification protocols.

  The meta-cognitive system provides capabilities for the system to:
  - Monitor and analyze its own performance and behavior
  - Identify bottlenecks and improvement opportunities
  - Select optimal reasoning strategies based on problem characteristics
  - Propose and implement safe self-modifications
  - Continuously improve system performance and capabilities
  """

  alias Automata.Reasoning.Cognitive.Metacognition.{
    ReflectionFramework,
    SelfModification
  }

  @doc """
  Initializes the Meta-Cognitive System with the given configuration.
  """
  @spec init(map()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def init(config \\ %{}) do
    # Initialize configuration with defaults
    config = Map.merge(default_config(), config)

    # Validate configuration
    case validate_config(config) do
      :ok ->
        {:ok, %{
          config: config,
          state: %{
            initialized: true,
            performance_history: [],
            modification_history: [],
            strategy_history: [],
            system_model: initialize_system_model(config)
          }
        }}

      {:error, reason} ->
        {:error, reason}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Returns the default configuration for the Meta-Cognitive System.
  """
  @spec default_config() :: map()
  defp default_config do
    %{
      reflection: %{
        performance_analysis_enabled: true,
        trace_analysis_enabled: true,
        strategy_selection_enabled: true,
        min_performance_samples: 5,
        analysis_interval: 1000  # milliseconds
      },
      self_modification: %{
        enabled: true,
        safety_threshold: 0.7,
        max_modification_depth: 2,
        approval_required: true,
        self_approval_allowed: false
      },
      monitoring: %{
        enabled: true,
        metrics_collection_interval: 500,  # milliseconds
        trace_collection_enabled: true,
        performance_metrics_retention: 1000  # number of samples to retain
      }
    }
  end

  @doc """
  Validates the configuration.
  """
  @spec validate_config(map()) :: :ok | {:error, term()}
  defp validate_config(config) do
    # Validate reflection config
    with :ok <- validate_reflection_config(config.reflection),
         # Validate self-modification config
         :ok <- validate_self_modification_config(config.self_modification),
         # Validate monitoring config
         :ok <- validate_monitoring_config(config.monitoring) do
      :ok
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Validates the reflection configuration.
  """
  @spec validate_reflection_config(map()) :: :ok | {:error, term()}
  defp validate_reflection_config(config) do
    cond do
      not is_boolean(config.performance_analysis_enabled) ->
        {:error, "Performance analysis enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_boolean(config.trace_analysis_enabled) ->
        {:error, "Trace analysis enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_boolean(config.strategy_selection_enabled) ->
        {:error, "Strategy selection enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_integer(config.min_performance_samples) or
          config.min_performance_samples <= 0 ->
        {:error, "Minimum performance samples must be a positive integer"}

      not is_integer(config.analysis_interval) or
          config.analysis_interval <= 0 ->
        {:error, "Analysis interval must be a positive integer"}

      true ->
        :ok
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Validates the self-modification configuration.
  """
  @spec validate_self_modification_config(map()) :: :ok | {:error, term()}
  defp validate_self_modification_config(config) do
    cond do
      not is_boolean(config.enabled) ->
        {:error, "Self-modification enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_number(config.safety_threshold) or
          config.safety_threshold < 0 or
          config.safety_threshold > 1 ->
        {:error, "Safety threshold must be between 0 and 1"}

      not is_integer(config.max_modification_depth) or
          config.max_modification_depth < 0 ->
        {:error, "Maximum modification depth must be a non-negative integer"}

      not is_boolean(config.approval_required) ->
        {:error, "Approval required must be a boolean"}

      not is_boolean(config.self_approval_allowed) ->
        {:error, "Self-approval allowed must be a boolean"}

      true ->
        :ok
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Validates the monitoring configuration.
  """
  @spec validate_monitoring_config(map()) :: :ok | {:error, term()}
  defp validate_monitoring_config(config) do
    cond do
      not is_boolean(config.enabled) ->
        {:error, "Monitoring enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_integer(config.metrics_collection_interval) or
          config.metrics_collection_interval <= 0 ->
        {:error, "Metrics collection interval must be a positive integer"}

      not is_boolean(config.trace_collection_enabled) ->
        {:error, "Trace collection enabled must be a boolean"}

      not is_integer(config.performance_metrics_retention) or
          config.performance_metrics_retention <= 0 ->
        {:error, "Performance metrics retention must be a positive integer"}

      true ->
        :ok
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Initializes the system model used for internal representation of system state.
  """
  @spec initialize_system_model(map()) :: map()
  defp initialize_system_model(config) do
    # Initialize a model of the system's own components and relationships
    # This would be more sophisticated in a real implementation
    %{
      components: %{
        contextual_reasoning: %{
          status: :active,
          performance_metrics: %{},
          dependencies: [:semantic_network, :context_memory]
        },
        neural_symbolic_integration: %{
          status: :active,
          performance_metrics: %{},
          dependencies: [:translation_framework, :semantic_grounding]
        },
        metacognitive_system: %{
          status: :active,
          performance_metrics: %{},
          dependencies: [:reflection_framework, :self_modification]
        }
      },
      resources: %{
        memory: %{current: 0, max: 1000},
        cpu: %{current: 0, max: 100},
        network: %{current: 0, max: 100}
      },
      capabilities: %{
        reasoning: 0.8,
        learning: 0.7,
        perception: 0.6,
        adaptation: 0.5
      }
    }
  end

  @doc """
  Analyzes system performance and identifies improvement opportunities.
  """
  @spec analyze_performance(list(map()), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def analyze_performance(performance_data, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if performance analysis is enabled
    if system_state.config.reflection.performance_analysis_enabled do
      # Check if we have enough performance samples
      if length(performance_data) >= system_state.config.reflection.min_performance_samples do
        # Perform performance analysis
        analysis_result = ReflectionFramework.analyze_performance(performance_data, options)
        
        # Update system state with analysis results
        updated_history = [analysis_result | system_state.state.performance_history]
                         |> Enum.take(10)  # Keep only the last 10 analyses
                         
        updated_state = put_in(
          system_state, 
          [:state, :performance_history], 
          updated_history
        )
        
        # Return analysis results
        {:ok, %{
          analysis: analysis_result,
          system_state: updated_state
        }}
      else
        {:error, :insufficient_performance_data}
      end
    else
      {:error, :performance_analysis_disabled}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Analyzes execution traces to identify bottlenecks and opportunities.
  """
  @spec analyze_trace(list(map()), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def analyze_trace(trace_data, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if trace analysis is enabled
    if system_state.config.reflection.trace_analysis_enabled do
      # Perform trace analysis
      analysis_result = ReflectionFramework.analyze_trace(trace_data, options)
      
      # Return analysis results
      {:ok, analysis_result}
    else
      {:error, :trace_analysis_disabled}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Selects the optimal reasoning strategy for a given problem.
  """
  @spec select_strategy(map(), list(map()), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def select_strategy(problem, available_strategies, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if strategy selection is enabled
    if system_state.config.reflection.strategy_selection_enabled do
      # Perform strategy selection
      selection_result = ReflectionFramework.select_strategy(
        problem,
        available_strategies,
        options
      )
      
      # Update strategy history
      updated_history = [
        %{
          timestamp: DateTime.utc_now(),
          problem: problem,
          selected_strategy: selection_result.selected_strategy,
          alternatives: Enum.take(selection_result.alternatives, 2),
          confidence: selection_result.confidence
        } 
        | system_state.state.strategy_history
      ]
      |> Enum.take(20)  # Keep only the last 20 strategy selections
      
      updated_state = put_in(
        system_state, 
        [:state, :strategy_history], 
        updated_history
      )
      
      # Return selection results
      {:ok, %{
        selection: selection_result,
        system_state: updated_state
      }}
    else
      {:error, :strategy_selection_disabled}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Proposes a self-modification based on reflection insights.
  """
  @spec propose_modification(list(map()), list(map()), atom(), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def propose_modification(modifications, expected_benefits, source, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if self-modification is enabled
    if system_state.config.self_modification.enabled do
      # Check modification depth (prevents unbounded recursive self-modification)
      current_depth = get_modification_depth(system_state)
      
      if current_depth < system_state.config.self_modification.max_modification_depth do
        # Propose modification
        proposal_package = SelfModification.propose_modification(
          modifications,
          expected_benefits,
          source,
          system_state.state.system_model,
          options
        )
        
        # Update modification history
        updated_history = [
          %{
            timestamp: DateTime.utc_now(),
            proposal_id: proposal_package.proposal.id,
            source: source,
            status: proposal_package.status
          } 
          | system_state.state.modification_history
        ]
        |> Enum.take(20)  # Keep only the last 20 modifications
        
        updated_state = put_in(
          system_state, 
          [:state, :modification_history], 
          updated_history
        )
        
        # Return proposal
        {:ok, %{
          proposal_package: proposal_package,
          system_state: updated_state
        }}
      else
        {:error, :modification_depth_exceeded}
      end
    else
      {:error, :self_modification_disabled}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Gets the current modification depth from system state.
  """
  @spec get_modification_depth(map()) :: non_neg_integer()
  defp get_modification_depth(system_state) do
    # Count recent modifications (within last 24 hours)
    one_day_ago = DateTime.add(DateTime.utc_now(), -24 * 60 * 60, :second)
    
    system_state.state.modification_history
    |> Enum.filter(fn mod ->
      DateTime.compare(mod.timestamp, one_day_ago) == :gt
    end)
    |> Enum.count()
  end

  @doc """
  Processes an approval for a modification proposal.
  """
  @spec process_approval(map(), atom(), atom() | String.t(), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def process_approval(proposal_package, status, approver, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if approver is valid
    if valid_approver?(approver, proposal_package, system_state) do
      # Record the approval
      updated_chain = SelfModification.record_approval(
        proposal_package.approval_chain,
        status,
        approver,
        options
      )
      
      # Update the proposal package
      updated_package = Map.put(proposal_package, :approval_chain, updated_chain)
      
      # Check if approval is complete
      if SelfModification.summarize_approval_status(updated_chain).complete do
        # If approved, process the modification
        if updated_chain.final_status == :approved do
          case process_approved_modification(updated_package, system_state, options) do
            {:ok, result} -> {:ok, result}
            {:error, reason} -> {:error, reason}
          end
        else
          # Return updated proposal package with non-approval status
          {:ok, %{
            proposal_package: updated_package,
            status: updated_chain.final_status
          }}
        end
      else
        # Return updated proposal package
        {:ok, %{
          proposal_package: updated_package,
          status: :pending_further_approval
        }}
      end
    else
      {:error, :invalid_approver}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Checks if an approver is valid for the current approval level.
  """
  @spec valid_approver?(atom() | String.t(), map(), map()) :: boolean()
  defp valid_approver?(approver, proposal_package, system_state) do
    # Check if self-approval is allowed
    is_self = approver == :self || approver == "self"
    
    if is_self && !system_state.config.self_modification.self_approval_allowed do
      false
    else
      # In a real implementation, this would check if the approver
      # is authorized for the current approval level
      true
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Processes and applies an approved modification proposal.
  """
  @spec process_approved_modification(map(), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def process_approved_modification(proposal_package, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Process the approved modification
    result = SelfModification.process_approved_modification(
      proposal_package,
      system_state.state.system_model,
      options
    )
    
    # If successful, update the system model
    if result.status == :applied do
      # In a real implementation, this would update the system model
      # based on the applied modifications
      updated_model = update_system_model(
        system_state.state.system_model,
        result.execution_result
      )
      
      updated_state = put_in(system_state, [:state, :system_model], updated_model)
      
      # Return result with updated system state
      {:ok, %{
        result: result,
        system_state: updated_state
      }}
    else
      # Return error result
      {:error, %{
        result: result,
        reason: :modification_failed
      }}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Updates the system model based on applied modifications.
  """
  @spec update_system_model(map(), map()) :: map()
  defp update_system_model(system_model, execution_result) do
    # In a real implementation, this would apply the changes from
    # the execution result to the system model
    
    # For now, return the original model
    system_model
  end

  @doc """
  Generate improvement proposals based on performance analysis.
  """
  @spec generate_improvement_proposals(map(), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, list(map())} | {:error, term()}
  def generate_improvement_proposals(performance_analysis, system_state, options \\ []) do
    # Check if self-modification is enabled
    if system_state.config.self_modification.enabled do
      # Extract improvement opportunities from analysis
      opportunities = performance_analysis.improvement_opportunities
      
      # Convert opportunities to modification proposals
      proposals = opportunities
      |> Enum.map(fn opportunity ->
        convert_opportunity_to_proposal(opportunity, system_state)
      end)
      |> Enum.filter(& &1 != nil)
      
      {:ok, proposals}
    else
      {:error, :self_modification_disabled}
    end
  end

  @doc """
  Converts an improvement opportunity to a modification proposal.
  """
  @spec convert_opportunity_to_proposal(map(), map()) :: map() | nil
  defp convert_opportunity_to_proposal(opportunity, system_state) do
    # In a real implementation, this would create appropriate
    # modification specifications based on the opportunity type
    
    # For now, create a simple parameter-based proposal
    modifications = [
      %{
        component: opportunity.target,
        scope: :parameter,
        type: :optimization,
        target: %{
          name: "#{opportunity.target}_optimization_parameter",
          path: [:components, opportunity.target, :parameters, :optimization]
        },
        change: %{
          new_value: 0.8
        },
        rationale: opportunity.description
      }
    ]
    
    expected_benefits = [
      %{
        description: opportunity.description,
        impact: opportunity.expected_benefit,
        areas: [:performance]
      }
    ]
    
    # Create proposal structure
    %{
      modifications: modifications,
      expected_benefits: expected_benefits,
      source: :metacognitive_system,
      priority: opportunity.expected_benefit
    }
  end

  @doc """
  Provides a unified interface to the meta-cognitive system.
  """
  @spec reflect(map(), map(), keyword()) :: {:ok, map()} | {:error, term()}
  def reflect(data, system_state, options \\ []) do
    reflect_type = Keyword.get(options, :type, :auto)
    
    case reflect_type do
      :performance ->
        analyze_performance(data.performance_data, system_state, options)
        
      :trace ->
        analyze_trace(data.execution_trace, system_state, options)
        
      :strategy ->
        select_strategy(data.problem, data.available_strategies, system_state, options)
        
      :improvement ->
        if Map.has_key?(data, :performance_analysis) do
          generate_improvement_proposals(data.performance_analysis, system_state, options)
        else
          {:error, :missing_performance_analysis}
        end
        
      :auto ->
        # Determine type based on data content
        cond do
          Map.has_key?(data, :performance_data) ->
            analyze_performance(data.performance_data, system_state, options)
            
          Map.has_key?(data, :execution_trace) ->
            analyze_trace(data.execution_trace, system_state, options)
            
          Map.has_key?(data, :problem) and Map.has_key?(data, :available_strategies) ->
            select_strategy(data.problem, data.available_strategies, system_state, options)
            
          Map.has_key?(data, :performance_analysis) ->
            generate_improvement_proposals(data.performance_analysis, system_state, options)
            
          true ->
            {:error, :unknown_reflection_type}
        end
        
      unknown ->
        {:error, {:invalid_reflection_type, unknown}}
    end
  end
end