-- Copyright (c) 2013 Enrique García Cota
--
-- Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
-- copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
-- "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
-- without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
-- distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
-- permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
-- the following conditions:
--
-- The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
-- in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
--
-- THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
-- OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
-- MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
-- IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
-- CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
-- TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
-- SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

-- Apostrophizes the string if it has quotes, but not aphostrophes
-- Otherwise, it returns a regular quoted string
local function smartQuote(str)
  if str:match('"') and not str:match("'") then
    return "'" .. str .. "'"
  end
  return '"' .. str:gsub('"', '\\"') .. '"'
end

local controlCharsTranslation = {
  ["\a"] = "\\a",  ["\b"] = "\\b", ["\f"] = "\\f",  ["\n"] = "\\n",
  ["\r"] = "\\r",  ["\t"] = "\\t", ["\v"] = "\\v"
}

local function escapeChar(c) return controlCharsTranslation[c] end

local function escape(str)
  local result = str:gsub("\\", "\\\\"):gsub("(%c)", escapeChar)
  return result
end

local function isIdentifier(str)
  return type(str) == 'string' and str:match( "^[_%a][_%a%d]*$" )
end

local function isArrayKey(k, length)
  return type(k) == 'number' and 1 <= k and k <= length
end

local function isDictionaryKey(k, length)
  return not isArrayKey(k, length)
end

local defaultTypeOrders = {
  ['number']   = 1, ['boolean']  = 2, ['string'] = 3, ['table'] = 4,
  ['function'] = 5, ['userdata'] = 6, ['thread'] = 7
}

local function sortKeys(a, b)
  local ta, tb = type(a), type(b)

  -- strings and numbers are sorted numerically/alphabetically
  if ta == tb and (ta == 'string' or ta == 'number') then return a < b end

  local dta, dtb = defaultTypeOrders[ta], defaultTypeOrders[tb]
  -- Two default types are compared according to the defaultTypeOrders table
  if dta and dtb then return defaultTypeOrders[ta] < defaultTypeOrders[tb]
  elseif dta     then return true  -- default types before custom ones
  elseif dtb     then return false -- custom types after default ones
  end

  -- custom types are sorted out alphabetically
  return ta < tb
end

local function getDictionaryKeys(t)
  local keys, length = {}, #t
  for k,_ in pairs(t) do
    if isDictionaryKey(k, length) then table.insert(keys, k) end
  end
  table.sort(keys, sortKeys)
  return keys
end

local function getToStringResultSafely(t, mt)
  local __tostring = type(mt) == 'table' and rawget(mt, '__tostring')
  local str, ok
  if type(__tostring) == 'function' then
    ok, str = pcall(__tostring, t)
    str = ok and str or 'error: ' .. tostring(str)
  end
  if type(str) == 'string' and #str > 0 then return str end
end

local maxIdsMetaTable = {
  __index = function(self, typeName)
    rawset(self, typeName, 0)
    return 0
  end
}

local idsMetaTable = {
  __index = function (self, typeName)
    local col = setmetatable({}, {__mode = "kv"})
    rawset(self, typeName, col)
    return col
  end
}

local function countTableAppearances(t, tableAppearances)
  tableAppearances = tableAppearances or setmetatable({}, {__mode = "k"})

  if type(t) == 'table' then
    if not tableAppearances[t] then
      tableAppearances[t] = 1
      for k,v in pairs(t) do
        countTableAppearances(k, tableAppearances)
        countTableAppearances(v, tableAppearances)
      end
      countTableAppearances(getmetatable(t), tableAppearances)
    else
      tableAppearances[t] = tableAppearances[t] + 1
    end
  end

  return tableAppearances
end

local function parse_filter(filter)
  if type(filter) == 'function' then return filter end
  -- not a function, so it must be a table or table-like
  filter = type(filter) == 'table' and filter or {filter}
  local dictionary = {}
  for _,v in pairs(filter) do dictionary[v] = true end
  return function(x) return dictionary[x] end
end

local function makePath(path, key)
  local newPath, len = {}, #path
  for i=1, len do newPath[i] = path[i] end
  newPath[len+1] = key
  return newPath
end

-------------------------------------------------------------------
function inspect(rootObject, options)
  options       = options or {}
  local depth   = options.depth or math.huge
  local filter  = parse_filter(options.filter or {})

  local tableAppearances = countTableAppearances(rootObject)

  local buffer = {}
  local maxIds = setmetatable({}, maxIdsMetaTable)
  local ids    = setmetatable({}, idsMetaTable)
  local level  = 0
  local blen   = 0 -- buffer length

  local function puts(...)
    local args = {...}
    for i=1, #args do
      blen = blen + 1
      buffer[blen] = tostring(args[i])
    end
  end

  local function down(f)
    level = level + 1
    f()
    level = level - 1
  end

  local function tabify()
    puts("\n", string.rep("  ", level))
  end

  local function commaControl(needsComma)
    if needsComma then puts(',') end
    return true
  end

  local function alreadyVisited(v)
    return ids[type(v)][v] ~= nil
  end

  local function getId(v)
    local tv = type(v)
    local id = ids[tv][v]
    if not id then
      id         = maxIds[tv] + 1
      maxIds[tv] = id
      ids[tv][v] = id
    end
    return id
  end

  local putValue -- forward declaration that needs to go before putTable & putKey

  local function putKey(k)
    if isIdentifier(k) then return puts(k) end
    puts( "[" )
    putValue(k, {})
    puts("]")
  end

  local function putTable(t, path)
    if alreadyVisited(t) then
      puts('<table ', getId(t), '>')
    elseif level >= depth then
      puts('{...}')
    else
      if tableAppearances[t] > 1 then puts('<', getId(t), '>') end

      local dictKeys          = getDictionaryKeys(t)
      local length            = #t
      local mt                = getmetatable(t)
      local to_string_result  = getToStringResultSafely(t, mt)

      puts('{')
      down(function()
        if to_string_result then
          puts(' -- ', escape(to_string_result))
          if length >= 1 then tabify() end -- tabify the array values
        end

        local needsComma = false
        for i=1, length do
          needsComma = commaControl(needsComma)
          puts(' ')
          putValue(t[i], makePath(path, i))
        end

        for _,k in ipairs(dictKeys) do
          needsComma = commaControl(needsComma)
          tabify()
          putKey(k)
          puts(' = ')
          putValue(t[k], makePath(path, k))
        end

        if mt then
          needsComma = commaControl(needsComma)
          tabify()
          puts('<metatable> = ')
          putValue(mt, makePath(path, '<metatable>'))
        end
      end)

      if #dictKeys > 0 or mt then -- dictionary table. Justify closing }
        tabify()
      elseif length > 0 then -- array tables have one extra space before closing }
        puts(' ')
      end

      puts('}')
    end

  end

  -- putvalue is forward-declared before putTable & putKey
  putValue = function(v, path)
    if filter(v, path) then
      puts('<filtered>')
    else
      local tv = type(v)

      if tv == 'string' then
        puts(smartQuote(escape(v)))
      elseif tv == 'number' or tv == 'boolean' or tv == 'nil' then
        puts(tostring(v))
      elseif tv == 'table' then
        putTable(v, path)
      else
        puts('<',tv,' ',getId(v),'>')
      end
    end
  end

  putValue(rootObject, {})

  return table.concat(buffer)
end

function printtable(name, table)
	print("table: ", name, inspect(table), "\n")
end

function printstack()
	print(debug.traceback(), "\n")
end
