#
# ZAML -- A partial replacement for YAML, writen with speed and code clarity
#         in mind.  ZAML fixes one YAML bug (loading Exceptions) and provides 
#         a replacement for YAML.dump() unimaginatively called ZAML.dump(),
#         which is faster on all known cases and an order of magnitude faster 
#         with complex structures.
#
# http://github.com/hallettj/zaml
#
# Authors: Markus Roberts, Jesse Hallett, Ian McIntosh, Igal Koshevoy, Simon Chiang
# 

require 'yaml'

class ZAML
    VERSION = "0.1.3"
    #
    # Class Methods
    #
    def self.dump(stuff, where='')
        z = new
        stuff.to_zaml(z)
        where << z.to_s
        end
    #
    # Instance Methods
    #
    def initialize
        @result = []
        @indent = nil
        @structured_key_prefix = nil
        Label.counter_reset
        emit('--- ')
        end
    def nested(tail='  ')
        old_indent = @indent
        @indent = "#{@indent || "\n"}#{tail}"
        yield
        @indent = old_indent
        end
    class Label
        #
        # YAML only wants objects in the datastream once; if the same object 
        #    occurs more than once, we need to emit a label ("&idxxx") on the 
        #    first occurrence and then emit a back reference (*idxxx") on any
        #    subsequent occurrence(s). 
        #
        # To accomplish this we keeps a hash (by object id) of the labels of
        #    the things we serialize as we begin to serialize them.  The labels
        #    initially serialize as an empty string (since most objects are only
        #    going to be be encountered once), but can be changed to a valid 
        #    (by assigning it a number) the first time it is subsequently used, 
        #    if it ever is.  Note that we need to do the label setup BEFORE we 
        #    start to serialize the object so that circular structures (in 
        #    which we will encounter a reference to the object as we serialize 
        #    it can be handled).
        #
        def self.counter_reset
            @@previously_emitted_object = {}
            @@next_free_label_number = 0
            end
        def initialize(obj,indent)
            @indent = indent
            @this_label_number = nil
            @@previously_emitted_object[obj.object_id] = self
            end
        def to_s
            @this_label_number ? ('&id%03d%s' % [@this_label_number, @indent]) : ''
            end
        def reference
            @this_label_number ||= (@@next_free_label_number += 1)
            @reference         ||= '*id%03d' % @this_label_number
            end
        def self.for(obj)
            @@previously_emitted_object[obj.object_id]
            end
        end
    def new_label_for(obj)
        Label.new(obj,(Hash === obj || Array === obj) ? "#{@indent || "\n"}  " : ' ')
        end
    def first_time_only(obj)
        if label = Label.for(obj)
            emit(label.reference)
          else
            if @structured_key_prefix and not obj.is_a? String
                emit(@structured_key_prefix) 
                @structured_key_prefix = nil
                end
            emit(new_label_for(obj))
            yield
          end
        end
    def emit(s)
        @result << s
        @recent_nl = false unless s.kind_of?(Label)
        end
    def nl(s='')
        emit(@indent || "\n") unless @recent_nl 
        emit(s)
        @recent_nl = true
        end
    def to_s
        @result.join
        end
    def prefix_structured_keys(x)
        @structured_key_prefix = x
        yield
        nl unless @structured_key_prefix
        @structured_key_prefix = nil
        end
    end

################################################################
#
#   Behavior for custom classes
#
################################################################

class Object
    def to_yaml_properties
        instance_variables.sort        # Default YAML behavior
        end
    def zamlized_class_name(root)
        "!ruby/#{root.name.downcase}#{self.class == root ? '' : ":#{self.class.name}"}"
        end
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) {
            z.emit(zamlized_class_name(Object)) 
            z.nested {
                instance_variables = to_yaml_properties
                if instance_variables.empty?
                    z.emit(" {}")
                  else
                    instance_variables.each { |v|
                        z.nl
                        v[1..-1].to_zaml(z)       # Remove leading '@'
                        z.emit(': ')
                        instance_variable_get(v).to_zaml(z)
                        }
                  end
                }
            }
        end
    end

################################################################
#
#   Behavior for built-in classes
#
################################################################

class NilClass
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit('')        # NOTE: blank turns into nil in YAML.load
        end
    end

class Symbol
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit(self.inspect)
        end
    end

class TrueClass
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit('true')
        end
    end

class FalseClass
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit('false')
        end
    end

class Numeric
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit(self)
        end
    end

class Regexp
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) { z.emit("#{zamlized_class_name(Regexp)} #{inspect}") }
        end
    end

class Exception
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit(zamlized_class_name(Exception))
        z.nested {
            z.nl("message: ")
            message.to_zaml(z)
            }
        end
    #
    # Monkey patch for buggy Exception restore in YAML
    #
    #     This makes it work for now but is not very future-proof; if things
    #     change we'll most likely want to remove this.  To mitigate the risks
    #     as much as possible, we test for the bug before appling the patch.
    #
    if respond_to? :yaml_new and yaml_new(self, :tag, "message" => "blurp").message != "blurp"
        def self.yaml_new( klass, tag, val )
            o = YAML.object_maker( klass, {} ).exception(val.delete( 'message'))
            val.each_pair do |k,v|
                o.instance_variable_set("@#{k}", v)
                end
            o
            end
        end
    end

class String
    ZAML_ESCAPES = %w{\x00 \x01 \x02 \x03 \x04 \x05 \x06 \a \x08 \t \n \v \f \r \x0e \x0f \x10 \x11 \x12 \x13 \x14 \x15 \x16 \x17 \x18 \x19 \x1a \e \x1c \x1d \x1e \x1f }
    def escaped_for_zaml
        gsub( /\x5C/, "\\\\\\" ).  # Demi-kludge for Maglev/rubinius; the regexp should be /\\/ but parsetree chokes on that.
        gsub( /"/, "\\\"" ).
        gsub( /([\x00-\x1F])/ ) { |x| ZAML_ESCAPES[ x.unpack("C")[0] ] }.
        gsub( /([\x80-\xFF])/ ) { |x| "\\x#{x.unpack("C")[0].to_s(16)}" }
        end
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) { 
            num = '[-+]?(0x)?\d+\.?\d*'
            case
              when self == ''
                z.emit('""')
              # when self =~ /[\x00-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-\x1F\x80-\xFF]/
              #   z.emit("!binary |\n")
              #   z.emit([self].pack("m*"))
              when (
                    (self =~ /\A(true|false|yes|no|on|null|off|#{num}(:#{num})*|!|=|~)$/i) or 
                    (self =~ /\A\n* /) or
                    (self =~ /[\s:]/) or
                    (self =~ /^[>|][-+\d]*\s/i) or
                    (self[-1..-1] =~ /\s/) or 
                    (self =~ /[\x00-\x08\x0B\x0C\x0E-\x1F\x80-\xFF]/) or
                    (self =~ /[,\[\]\{\}\r\t]|:\s|\s#/) or 
                    (self =~ /\A([-:?!#&*'"]|<<|%.+:.)/) 
                    )
                z.emit("\"#{escaped_for_zaml}\"")
              when self =~ /\n/
                if self[-1..-1] == "\n" then z.emit('|+') else z.emit('|-') end
                z.nested { split("\n",-1).each { |line| z.nl; z.emit(line.chomp("\n")) } }
                z.nl
              else 
                z.emit(self)
              end
            }
        end
    end

class Hash
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) { 
            z.nested {
                if empty?
                    z.emit('{}')
                  else
                    each_pair { |k, v|
                        z.nl
                        z.prefix_structured_keys('? ') { k.to_zaml(z) }
                        z.emit(': ')
                        v.to_zaml(z)
                        }
                  end
                }
            }
        end
    end

class Array
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) {
            z.nested { 
                if empty?
                    z.emit('[]')
                  else
                    each { |v| z.nl('- '); v.to_zaml(z) }
                  end
                } 
            }
        end
    end

class Time
    def to_zaml(z)
        # 2008-12-06 10:06:51.373758 -07:00
        ms = ("%0.6f" % (usec * 1e-6)).sub(/^\d+\./,'')
        offset = "%+0.2i:%0.2i" % [utc_offset / 3600, (utc_offset / 60) % 60]
        z.emit(self.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.#{ms} #{offset}"))
        end
    end

class Date
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.emit(strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
        end
    end

class Range
    def to_zaml(z)
        z.first_time_only(self) {
            z.emit(zamlized_class_name(Range)) 
            z.nested {
                z.nl
                z.emit('begin: ')
                z.emit(first)
                z.nl
                z.emit('end: ')
                z.emit(last)
                z.nl
                z.emit('excl: ')
                z.emit(exclude_end?)
                }
            }
        end
    end
