# frozen_string_literal: true

require_relative '../../../puppet/pops/evaluator/external_syntax_support'

module Puppet::Pops
module Validation
# A Validator validates a model.
#
# Validation is performed on each model element in isolation. Each method should validate the model element's state
# but not validate its referenced/contained elements except to check their validity in their respective role.
# The intent is to drive the validation with a tree iterator that visits all elements in a model.
#
#
# TODO: Add validation of multiplicities - this is a general validation that can be checked for all
#       Model objects via their metamodel. (I.e an extra call to multiplicity check in polymorph check).
#       This is however mostly valuable when validating model to model transformations, and is therefore T.B.D
#
class Checker4_0 < Evaluator::LiteralEvaluator
  include Puppet::Pops::Evaluator::ExternalSyntaxSupport

  attr_reader :acceptor
  attr_reader :migration_checker

  def self.check_visitor
    # Class instance variable rather than Class variable because methods visited
    # may be overridden in subclass
    @check_visitor ||= Visitor.new(nil, 'check', 0, 0)
  end

  # Initializes the validator with a diagnostics producer. This object must respond to
  # `:will_accept?` and `:accept`.
  #
  def initialize(diagnostics_producer)
    super()
    @@rvalue_visitor      ||= Visitor.new(nil, "rvalue", 0, 0)
    @@hostname_visitor    ||= Visitor.new(nil, "hostname", 1, 2)
    @@assignment_visitor  ||= Visitor.new(nil, "assign", 0, 1)
    @@query_visitor       ||= Visitor.new(nil, "query", 0, 0)
    @@relation_visitor    ||= Visitor.new(nil, "relation", 0, 0)
    @@idem_visitor        ||= Visitor.new(nil, "idem", 0, 0)

    @check_visitor = self.class.check_visitor
    @acceptor = diagnostics_producer

    # Use null migration checker unless given in context
    @migration_checker = Puppet.lookup(:migration_checker) { Migration::MigrationChecker.new() }
  end

  # Validates the entire model by visiting each model element and calling `check`.
  # The result is collected (or acted on immediately) by the configured diagnostic provider/acceptor
  # given when creating this Checker.
  #
  def validate(model)
    # tree iterate the model, and call check for each element
    @path = []
    check(model)
    internal_check_top_construct_in_module(model)
    model._pcore_all_contents(@path) { |element| check(element) }
  end

  def container(index = -1)
    @path[index]
  end

  # Performs regular validity check
  def check(o)
    @check_visitor.visit_this_0(self, o)
  end

  # Performs check if this is a vaid hostname expression
  # @param single_feature_name [String, nil] the name of a single valued hostname feature of the value's container. e.g. 'parent'
  def hostname(o, semantic)
    @@hostname_visitor.visit_this_1(self, o, semantic)
  end

  # Performs check if this is valid as a query
  def query(o)
    @@query_visitor.visit_this_0(self, o)
  end

  # Performs check if this is valid as a relationship side
  def relation(o)
    @@relation_visitor.visit_this_0(self, o)
  end

  # Performs check if this is valid as a rvalue
  def rvalue(o)
    @@rvalue_visitor.visit_this_0(self, o)
  end

  #---TOP CHECK
  # Performs check if this is valid as a container of a definition (class, define, node)
  def top(definition, idx = -1)
    o = container(idx)
    idx -= 1
    case o
    when NilClass, Model::ApplyExpression, Model::HostClassDefinition, Model::Program
      # ok, stop scanning parents
    when Model::BlockExpression
      c = container(idx)
      if !c.is_a?(Model::Program) &&
         (definition.is_a?(Model::FunctionDefinition) || definition.is_a?(Model::TypeAlias) || definition.is_a?(Model::TypeDefinition))

        # not ok. These can never be nested in a block
        acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_ABSOLUTE_TOP_LEVEL, definition)
      else
        # ok, if this is a block representing the body of a class, or is top level
        top(definition, idx)
      end
    when Model::LambdaExpression
      # A LambdaExpression is a BlockExpression, and this check is needed to prevent the polymorph method for BlockExpression
      # to accept a lambda.
      # A lambda can not iteratively create classes, nodes or defines as the lambda does not have a closure.
      acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_TOP_LEVEL, definition)
    else
      # fail, reached a container that is not top level
      acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_TOP_LEVEL, definition)
    end
  end

  # Checks the LHS of an assignment (is it assignable?).
  # If args[0] is true, assignment via index is checked.
  #
  def assign(o, via_index = false)
    @@assignment_visitor.visit_this_1(self, o, via_index)
  end

  # Checks if the expression has side effect ('idem' is latin for 'the same', here meaning that the evaluation state
  # is known to be unchanged after the expression has been evaluated). The result is not 100% authoritative for
  # negative answers since analysis of function behavior is not possible.
  # @return [Boolean] true if expression is known to have no effect on evaluation state
  #
  def idem(o)
    @@idem_visitor.visit_this_0(self, o)
  end

  # Returns the last expression in a block, or the expression, if that expression is idem
  def ends_with_idem(o)
    if o.is_a?(Model::BlockExpression)
      last = o.statements[-1]
      idem(last) ? last : nil
    else
      idem(o) ? o : nil
    end
  end

  #---ASSIGNMENT CHECKS

  def assign_VariableExpression(o, via_index)
    varname_string = varname_to_s(o.expr)
    if varname_string =~ Patterns::NUMERIC_VAR_NAME
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_NUMERIC_ASSIGNMENT, o, :varname => varname_string)
    end
    # Can not assign to something in another namespace (i.e. a '::' in the name is not legal)
    if acceptor.will_accept? Issues::CROSS_SCOPE_ASSIGNMENT
      if varname_string =~ /::/
        acceptor.accept(Issues::CROSS_SCOPE_ASSIGNMENT, o, :name => varname_string)
      end
    end

    # TODO: Could scan for reassignment of the same variable if done earlier in the same container
    #       Or if assigning to a parameter (more work).
  end

  def assign_AccessExpression(o, via_index)
    # Are indexed assignments allowed at all ? $x[x] = '...'
    if acceptor.will_accept? Issues::ILLEGAL_INDEXED_ASSIGNMENT
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_INDEXED_ASSIGNMENT, o)
    else
      # Then the left expression must be assignable-via-index
      assign(o.left_expr, true)
    end
  end

  def assign_LiteralList(o, via_index)
    o.values.each { |x| assign(x) }
  end

  def assign_Object(o, via_index)
    # Can not assign to anything else (differentiate if this is via index or not)
    # i.e. 10 = 'hello' vs. 10['x'] = 'hello' (the root is reported as being in error in both cases)
    #
    acceptor.accept(via_index ? Issues::ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_VIA_INDEX : Issues::ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT, o)
  end

  #---CHECKS

  def check_Object(o)
  end

  def check_Factory(o)
    check(o.model)
  end

  def check_AccessExpression(o)
    # Only min range is checked, all other checks are RT checks as they depend on the resulting type
    # of the LHS.
    if o.keys.size < 1
      acceptor.accept(Issues::MISSING_INDEX, o)
    end
  end

  def check_AssignmentExpression(o)
    case o.operator
    when '='
      assign(o.left_expr)
      rvalue(o.right_expr)
    when '+=', '-='
      acceptor.accept(Issues::APPENDS_DELETES_NO_LONGER_SUPPORTED, o, { :operator => o.operator })
    else
      acceptor.accept(Issues::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATOR, o, { :operator => o.operator })
    end
  end

  # Checks that operation with :+> is contained in a ResourceOverride or Collector.
  #
  # Parent of an AttributeOperation can be one of:
  # * CollectExpression
  # * ResourceOverride
  # * ResourceBody (ILLEGAL this is a regular resource expression)
  # * ResourceDefaults (ILLEGAL)
  #
  def check_AttributeOperation(o)
    if o.operator == '+>'
      # Append operator use is constrained
      p = container
      unless p.is_a?(Model::CollectExpression) || p.is_a?(Model::ResourceOverrideExpression)
        acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_ATTRIBUTE_APPEND, o, { :name => o.attribute_name, :parent => p })
      end
    end
    rvalue(o.value_expr)
  end

  def check_AttributesOperation(o)
    # Append operator use is constrained
    p = container
    case p
    when Model::AbstractResource
      # do nothing
    when Model::CollectExpression
      # do nothing
    else
      # protect against just testing a snippet that has no parent, error message will be a bit strange
      # but it is not for a real program.
      parent2 = p.nil? ? o : container(-2)
      unless parent2.is_a?(Model::AbstractResource)
        acceptor.accept(Issues::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATOR_IN_CONTEXT, parent2, :operator => '* =>')
      end
    end
    rvalue(o.expr)
  end

  def check_BinaryExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.left_expr)
    rvalue(o.right_expr)
  end

  def resource_without_title?(o)
    if o.instance_of?(Model::BlockExpression)
      statements = o.statements
      statements.length == 2 && statements[0].instance_of?(Model::QualifiedName) && statements[1].instance_of?(Model::LiteralHash)
    else
      false
    end
  end

  def check_BlockExpression(o)
    if resource_without_title?(o)
      acceptor.accept(Issues::RESOURCE_WITHOUT_TITLE, o, :name => o.statements[0].value)
    else
      o.statements[0..-2].each do |statement|
        if idem(statement)
          acceptor.accept(Issues::IDEM_EXPRESSION_NOT_LAST, statement)
          break # only flag the first
        end
      end
    end
  end

  def check_CallNamedFunctionExpression(o)
    functor = o.functor_expr
    if functor.is_a?(Model::QualifiedReference) ||
       functor.is_a?(Model::AccessExpression) && functor.left_expr.is_a?(Model::QualifiedReference)
      # ok (a call to a type)
      return nil
    end

    case functor
    when Model::QualifiedName
      # ok
      nil
    when Model::RenderStringExpression
      # helpful to point out this easy to make Epp error
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EPP_PARAMETERS, o)
    else
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o.functor_expr, { :feature => 'function name', :container => o })
    end
  end

  def check_EppExpression(o)
    p = container
    if p.is_a?(Model::LambdaExpression)
      internal_check_no_capture(p, o)
      internal_check_parameter_name_uniqueness(p)
    end
  end

  def check_HeredocExpression(o)
    # Only syntax check static text in heredoc during validation - dynamic text is validated by the evaluator.
    expr = o.text_expr
    if expr.is_a?(Model::LiteralString)
      assert_external_syntax(nil, expr.value, o.syntax, o.text_expr)
    end
  end

  def check_MethodCallExpression(o)
    unless o.functor_expr.is_a? Model::QualifiedName
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o.functor_expr, :feature => 'function name', :container => o)
    end
  end

  def check_CaseExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.test)
    # There can only be one LiteralDefault case option value
    found_default = false
    o.options.each do |option|
      option.values.each do |value|
        next unless value.is_a?(Model::LiteralDefault)

        # Flag the second default as 'unreachable'
        acceptor.accept(Issues::DUPLICATE_DEFAULT, value, :container => o) if found_default
        found_default = true
      end
    end
  end

  def check_CaseOption(o)
    o.values.each { |v| rvalue(v) }
  end

  def check_CollectExpression(o)
    unless o.type_expr.is_a? Model::QualifiedReference
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o.type_expr, :feature => 'type name', :container => o)
    end
  end

  # Only used for function names, grammar should not be able to produce something faulty, but
  # check anyway if model is created programmatically (it will fail in transformation to AST for sure).
  def check_NamedAccessExpression(o)
    name = o.right_expr
    unless name.is_a? Model::QualifiedName
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, name, :feature => 'function name', :container => container)
    end
  end

  RESERVED_TYPE_NAMES = {
    'type' => true,
    'any' => true,
    'unit' => true,
    'scalar' => true,
    'boolean' => true,
    'numeric' => true,
    'integer' => true,
    'float' => true,
    'collection' => true,
    'array' => true,
    'hash' => true,
    'tuple' => true,
    'struct' => true,
    'variant' => true,
    'optional' => true,
    'enum' => true,
    'regexp' => true,
    'pattern' => true,
    'runtime' => true,
    'init' => true,
    'object' => true,
    'sensitive' => true,
    'semver' => true,
    'semverrange' => true,
    'string' => true,
    'timestamp' => true,
    'timespan' => true,
    'typeset' => true,
  }

  FUTURE_RESERVED_WORDS = {
    'plan' => true
  }

  # for 'class', 'define', and function
  def check_NamedDefinition(o)
    top(o)
    if o.name !~ Patterns::CLASSREF_DECL
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_DEFINITION_NAME, o, { :name => o.name })
    end

    internal_check_file_namespace(o)
    internal_check_reserved_type_name(o, o.name)
    internal_check_future_reserved_word(o, o.name)
  end

  def check_TypeAlias(o)
    top(o)
    if o.name !~ Patterns::CLASSREF_EXT_DECL
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_DEFINITION_NAME, o, { :name => o.name })
    end
    internal_check_reserved_type_name(o, o.name)
    internal_check_type_ref(o, o.type_expr)
  end

  def check_TypeMapping(o)
    top(o)
    lhs = o.type_expr
    lhs_type = 0 # Not Runtime
    if lhs.is_a?(Model::AccessExpression)
      left = lhs.left_expr
      if left.is_a?(Model::QualifiedReference) && left.cased_value == 'Runtime'
        lhs_type = 1 # Runtime
        keys = lhs.keys

        # Must be a literal string or pattern replacement
        lhs_type = 2 if keys.size == 2 && pattern_with_replacement?(keys[1])
      end
    end

    if lhs_type == 0
      # This is not a TypeMapping. Something other than Runtime[] on LHS
      acceptor.accept(Issues::UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSION, o)
    else
      rhs = o.mapping_expr
      if pattern_with_replacement?(rhs)
        acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_SINGLE_TYPE_MAPPING, o) if lhs_type == 1
      elsif type_ref?(rhs)
        acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_REGEXP_TYPE_MAPPING, o) if lhs_type == 2
      else
        acceptor.accept(lhs_type == 1 ? Issues::ILLEGAL_SINGLE_TYPE_MAPPING : Issues::ILLEGAL_REGEXP_TYPE_MAPPING, o)
      end
    end
  end

  def pattern_with_replacement?(o)
    if o.is_a?(Model::LiteralList)
      v = o.values
      v.size == 2 && v[0].is_a?(Model::LiteralRegularExpression) && v[1].is_a?(Model::LiteralString)
    else
      false
    end
  end

  def type_ref?(o)
    o = o.left_expr if o.is_a?(Model::AccessExpression)
    o.is_a?(Model::QualifiedReference)
  end

  def check_TypeDefinition(o)
    top(o)
    internal_check_reserved_type_name(o, o.name)
    # TODO: Check TypeDefinition body. For now, just error out
    acceptor.accept(Issues::UNSUPPORTED_EXPRESSION, o)
  end

  def check_FunctionDefinition(o)
    check_NamedDefinition(o)
    internal_check_return_type(o)
    internal_check_parameter_name_uniqueness(o)
  end

  def check_HostClassDefinition(o)
    check_NamedDefinition(o)
    internal_check_no_capture(o)
    internal_check_parameter_name_uniqueness(o)
    internal_check_reserved_params(o)
    internal_check_no_idem_last(o)
    internal_check_parameter_type_literal(o)
  end

  def check_ResourceTypeDefinition(o)
    check_NamedDefinition(o)
    internal_check_no_capture(o)
    internal_check_parameter_name_uniqueness(o)
    internal_check_reserved_params(o)
    internal_check_no_idem_last(o)
  end

  def internal_check_parameter_type_literal(o)
    o.parameters.each do |p|
      next unless p.type_expr

      type = nil
      catch :not_literal do
        type = literal(p.type_expr)
      end
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_NONLITERAL_PARAMETER_TYPE, p, { name: p.name, type_class: p.type_expr.class }) if type.nil?
    end
  end

  def internal_check_return_type(o)
    r = o.return_type
    internal_check_type_ref(o, r) unless r.nil?
  end

  def internal_check_type_ref(o, r)
    n = r.is_a?(Model::AccessExpression) ? r.left_expr : r
    if n.is_a? Model::QualifiedReference
      internal_check_future_reserved_word(r, n.value)
    else
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, r, :feature => 'a type reference', :container => o)
    end
  end

  def internal_check_no_idem_last(o)
    violator = ends_with_idem(o.body)
    if violator
      acceptor.accept(Issues::IDEM_NOT_ALLOWED_LAST, violator, { :container => o }) unless resource_without_title?(violator)
    end
  end

  def internal_check_capture_last(o)
    accepted_index = o.parameters.size() - 1
    o.parameters.each_with_index do |p, index|
      if p.captures_rest && index != accepted_index
        acceptor.accept(Issues::CAPTURES_REST_NOT_LAST, p, { :param_name => p.name })
      end
    end
  end

  def internal_check_no_capture(o, container = o)
    o.parameters.each do |p|
      if p.captures_rest
        acceptor.accept(Issues::CAPTURES_REST_NOT_SUPPORTED, p, { :container => container, :param_name => p.name })
      end
    end
  end

  def internal_check_reserved_type_name(o, name)
    if RESERVED_TYPE_NAMES[name]
      acceptor.accept(Issues::RESERVED_TYPE_NAME, o, { :name => name })
    end
  end

  def internal_check_future_reserved_word(o, name)
    if FUTURE_RESERVED_WORDS[name]
      acceptor.accept(Issues::FUTURE_RESERVED_WORD, o, { :word => name })
    end
  end

  NO_NAMESPACE = :no_namespace
  NO_PATH = :no_path
  BAD_MODULE_FILE = :bad_module_file

  def internal_check_file_namespace(o)
    file = o.locator.file
    return if file.nil? || file == '' # e.g. puppet apply -e '...'

    file_namespace = namespace_for_file(file)
    return if file_namespace == NO_NAMESPACE

    # Downcasing here because check is case-insensitive
    if file_namespace == BAD_MODULE_FILE || !o.name.downcase.start_with?(file_namespace)
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_DEFINITION_LOCATION, o, { :name => o.name, :file => file })
    end
  end

  def internal_check_top_construct_in_module(prog)
    return unless prog.is_a?(Model::Program) && !prog.body.nil?

    # Check that this is a module autoloaded file
    file = prog.locator.file
    return if file.nil?
    return if namespace_for_file(file) == NO_NAMESPACE

    body = prog.body
    return if prog.body.is_a?(Model::Nop) # Ignore empty or comment-only files

    if body.is_a?(Model::BlockExpression)
      body.statements.each { |s| acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_TOP_CONSTRUCT_LOCATION, s) unless valid_top_construct?(s) }
    else
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_TOP_CONSTRUCT_LOCATION, body) unless valid_top_construct?(body)
    end
  end

  def valid_top_construct?(o)
    o.is_a?(Model::Definition) && !o.is_a?(Model::NodeDefinition)
  end

  # @api private
  class Puppet::Util::FileNamespaceAdapter < Puppet::Pops::Adaptable::Adapter
    attr_accessor :file_to_namespace

    def self.create_adapter(env)
      adapter = super(env)
      adapter.file_to_namespace = {}
      adapter
    end
  end

  def namespace_for_file(file)
    env = Puppet.lookup(:current_environment)
    return NO_NAMESPACE if env.nil?

    adapter = Puppet::Util::FileNamespaceAdapter.adapt(env)

    file_namespace = adapter.file_to_namespace[file]
    return file_namespace unless file_namespace.nil? # No cache entry, so we do the calculation

    path = Pathname.new(file)

    return adapter.file_to_namespace[file] = NO_NAMESPACE if path.extname != ".pp"

    path = path.expand_path

    return adapter.file_to_namespace[file] = NO_NAMESPACE if initial_manifest?(path, env.manifest)

    # All auto-loaded files from modules come from a module search path dir
    relative_path = get_module_relative_path(path, env.full_modulepath)

    return adapter.file_to_namespace[file] = NO_NAMESPACE if relative_path == NO_PATH

    # If a file comes from a module, but isn't in the right place, always error
    names = dir_to_names(relative_path)

    adapter.file_to_namespace[file] = (names == BAD_MODULE_FILE ? BAD_MODULE_FILE : names.join("::").freeze)
  end

  def initial_manifest?(path, manifest_setting)
    return false if manifest_setting.nil? || manifest_setting == :no_manifest

    string_path = path.to_s

    string_path == manifest_setting || string_path.start_with?(manifest_setting)
  end

  # Get the path of +file_path+ relative to the first directory in
  # +modulepath_directories+ that is an ancestor of +file_path+. Return NO_PATH
  # if none is found.
  def get_module_relative_path(file_path, modulepath_directories)
    clean_file = file_path.cleanpath.to_s
    parent_path = modulepath_directories.find { |path_dir| is_parent_dir_of?(path_dir, clean_file) }
    return NO_PATH if parent_path.nil?

    file_path.relative_path_from(Pathname.new(parent_path))
  end
  private :get_module_relative_path

  def is_parent_dir_of?(parent_dir, child_dir)
    parent_dir_path = Pathname.new(parent_dir)
    clean_parent = parent_dir_path.cleanpath.to_s + File::SEPARATOR

    child_dir.start_with?(clean_parent)
  end
  private :is_parent_dir_of?

  def dir_to_names(relative_path)
    # Downcasing here because check is case-insensitive
    path_components = relative_path.to_s.downcase.split(File::SEPARATOR)

    # Example definition dir: manifests in this path:
    # <module name>/manifests/<module subdir>/<classfile>.pp
    dir = path_components[1]

    # How can we get this result?
    # If it is not an initial manifest, it must come from a module,
    # and from the manifests dir there.  This may never get used...
    return BAD_MODULE_FILE unless dir == 'manifests' || dir == 'functions' || dir == 'types' || dir == 'plans'

    names = path_components[2..-2] # Directories inside module
    names.unshift(path_components[0]) # Name of the module itself

    # Do not include name of module init file at top level of module
    # e.g. <module name>/manifests/init.pp
    filename = path_components[-1]
    unless path_components.length == 3 && filename == 'init.pp'
      names.push(filename[0..-4]) # Remove .pp from filename
    end

    names
  end

  RESERVED_PARAMETERS = {
    'name' => true,
    'title' => true,
  }

  def internal_check_reserved_params(o)
    o.parameters.each do |p|
      if RESERVED_PARAMETERS[p.name]
        acceptor.accept(Issues::RESERVED_PARAMETER, p, { :container => o, :param_name => p.name })
      end
    end
  end

  def internal_check_parameter_name_uniqueness(o)
    unique = Set.new
    o.parameters.each do |p|
      acceptor.accept(Issues::DUPLICATE_PARAMETER, p, { :param_name => p.name }) unless unique.add?(p.name)
    end
  end

  def check_IfExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.test)
  end

  def check_KeyedEntry(o)
    rvalue(o.key)
    rvalue(o.value)
    # In case there are additional things to forbid than non-rvalues
    # acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o.key, :feature => 'hash key', :container => container)
  end

  def check_LambdaExpression(o)
    internal_check_capture_last(o)
    internal_check_return_type(o)
  end

  def check_LiteralList(o)
    o.values.each { |v| rvalue(v) }
  end

  def check_LiteralInteger(o)
    v = o.value
    if v < MIN_INTEGER || v > MAX_INTEGER
      acceptor.accept(Issues::NUMERIC_OVERFLOW, o, { :value => v })
    end
  end

  def check_LiteralHash(o)
    # the keys of a literal hash may be non-literal expressions. They cannot be checked.
    unique = Set.new
    o.entries.each do |entry|
      catch(:not_literal) do
        literal_key = literal(entry.key)
        acceptor.accept(Issues::DUPLICATE_KEY, entry, { :key => literal_key }) if unique.add?(literal_key).nil?
      end
    end
  end

  def check_NodeDefinition(o)
    # Check that hostnames are valid hostnames (or regular expressions)
    hostname(o.host_matches, o)
    top(o)
    violator = ends_with_idem(o.body)
    if violator
      acceptor.accept(Issues::IDEM_NOT_ALLOWED_LAST, violator, { :container => o }) unless resource_without_title?(violator)
    end
    unless o.parent.nil?
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_NODE_INHERITANCE, o.parent)
    end
  end

  # No checking takes place - all expressions using a QualifiedName need to check. This because the
  # rules are slightly different depending on the container (A variable allows a numeric start, but not
  # other names). This means that (if the lexer/parser so chooses) a QualifiedName
  # can be anything when it represents a Bare Word and evaluates to a String.
  #
  def check_QualifiedName(o)
  end

  # Checks that the value is a valid UpperCaseWord (a CLASSREF), and optionally if it contains a hypen.
  # DOH: QualifiedReferences are created with LOWER CASE NAMES at parse time
  def check_QualifiedReference(o)
    # Is this a valid qualified name?
    if o.cased_value !~ Patterns::CLASSREF_EXT
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_CLASSREF, o, { :name => o.cased_value })
    end
  end

  def check_QueryExpression(o)
    query(o.expr) if o.expr # is optional
  end

  def relation_Object(o)
    rvalue(o)
  end

  def relation_CollectExpression(o); end

  def relation_RelationshipExpression(o); end

  def check_Parameter(o)
    if o.name =~ /^(?:0x)?[0-9]+$/
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_NUMERIC_PARAMETER, o, :name => o.name)
    end

    unless o.name =~ Patterns::PARAM_NAME
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_PARAM_NAME, o, :name => o.name)
    end
    return unless o.value

    internal_check_illegal_assignment(o.value)
  end

  def internal_check_illegal_assignment(o)
    if o.is_a?(Model::AssignmentExpression)
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_CONTEXT, o)
    else
      # recursively check all contents unless it's a lambda expression. A lambda may contain
      # local assignments
      o._pcore_contents { |model| internal_check_illegal_assignment(model) } unless o.is_a?(Model::LambdaExpression)
    end
  end

  # relationship_side: resource
  #  | resourceref
  #  | collection
  #  | variable
  #  | quotedtext
  #  | selector
  #  | casestatement
  #  | hasharrayaccesses

  def check_RelationshipExpression(o)
    relation(o.left_expr)
    relation(o.right_expr)
  end

  def check_ResourceExpression(o)
    # The expression for type name cannot be statically checked - this is instead done at runtime
    # to enable better error message of the result of the expression rather than the static instruction.
    # (This can be revised as there are static constructs that are illegal, but require updating many
    # tests that expect the detailed reporting).
    type_name_expr = o.type_name
    if o.form && o.form != 'regular' && type_name_expr.is_a?(Model::QualifiedName) && type_name_expr.value == 'class'
      acceptor.accept(Issues::CLASS_NOT_VIRTUALIZABLE, o)
    end
  end

  def check_ResourceBody(o)
    seenUnfolding = false
    o.operations.each do |ao|
      if ao.is_a?(Model::AttributesOperation)
        if seenUnfolding
          acceptor.accept(Issues::MULTIPLE_ATTRIBUTES_UNFOLD, ao)
        else
          seenUnfolding = true
        end
      end
    end
  end

  def check_ResourceDefaultsExpression(o)
    if o.form != 'regular'
      acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_VIRTUALIZEABLE, o)
    end
  end

  def check_ResourceOverrideExpression(o)
    if o.form != 'regular'
      acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_VIRTUALIZEABLE, o)
    end
  end

  def check_ReservedWord(o)
    if o.future
      acceptor.accept(Issues::FUTURE_RESERVED_WORD, o, :word => o.word)
    else
      acceptor.accept(Issues::RESERVED_WORD, o, :word => o.word)
    end
  end

  def check_SelectorExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.left_expr)
    # There can only be one LiteralDefault case option value
    defaults = o.selectors.select { |v| v.matching_expr.is_a?(Model::LiteralDefault) }
    unless defaults.size <= 1
      # Flag the second default as 'unreachable'
      acceptor.accept(Issues::DUPLICATE_DEFAULT, defaults[1].matching_expr, :container => o)
    end
  end

  def check_SelectorEntry(o)
    rvalue(o.matching_expr)
  end

  def check_UnaryExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.expr)
  end

  def check_UnlessExpression(o)
    rvalue(o.test)
    # TODO: Unless may not have an else part that is an IfExpression (grammar denies this though)
  end

  # Checks that variable is either strictly 0, or a non 0 starting decimal number, or a valid VAR_NAME
  def check_VariableExpression(o)
    # The expression must be a qualified name or an integer
    name_expr = o.expr
    return if name_expr.is_a?(Model::LiteralInteger)

    if !name_expr.is_a?(Model::QualifiedName)
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o, :feature => 'name', :container => o)
    else
      # name must be either a decimal string value, or a valid NAME
      name = o.expr.value
      if name[0, 1] =~ /[0-9]/
        unless name =~ Patterns::NUMERIC_VAR_NAME
          acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_NUMERIC_VAR_NAME, o, :name => name)
        end
      else
        unless name =~ Patterns::VAR_NAME
          acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_VAR_NAME, o, :name => name)
        end
      end
    end
  end

  #--- HOSTNAME CHECKS

  # Transforms Array of host matching expressions into a (Ruby) array of AST::HostName
  def hostname_Array(o, semantic)
    o.each { |x| hostname(x, semantic) }
  end

  def hostname_String(o, semantic)
    # The 3.x checker only checks for illegal characters - if matching /[^-\w.]/ the name is invalid,
    # but this allows pathological names like "a..b......c", "----"
    # TODO: Investigate if more illegal hostnames should be flagged.
    #
    if o =~ Patterns::ILLEGAL_HOSTNAME_CHARS
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_HOSTNAME_CHARS, semantic, :hostname => o)
    end
  end

  def hostname_LiteralValue(o, semantic)
    hostname_String(o.value.to_s, o)
  end

  def hostname_ConcatenatedString(o, semantic)
    # Puppet 3.1. only accepts a concatenated string without interpolated expressions
    the_expr = o.segments.index { |s| s.is_a?(Model::TextExpression) }
    if the_expr
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_HOSTNAME_INTERPOLATION, o.segments[the_expr].expr)
    elsif o.segments.size() != 1
      # corner case, bad model, concatenation of several plain strings
      acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_HOSTNAME_INTERPOLATION, o)
    else
      # corner case, may be ok, but lexer may have replaced with plain string, this is
      # here if it does not
      hostname_String(o.segments[0], o.segments[0])
    end
  end

  def hostname_QualifiedName(o, semantic)
    hostname_String(o.value.to_s, o)
  end

  def hostname_QualifiedReference(o, semantic)
    hostname_String(o.value.to_s, o)
  end

  def hostname_LiteralNumber(o, semantic)
    # always ok
  end

  def hostname_LiteralDefault(o, semantic)
    # always ok
  end

  def hostname_LiteralRegularExpression(o, semantic)
    # always ok
  end

  def hostname_Object(o, semantic)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_EXPRESSION, o, { :feature => 'hostname', :container => semantic })
  end

  #---QUERY CHECKS

  # Anything not explicitly allowed is flagged as error.
  def query_Object(o)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_QUERY_EXPRESSION, o)
  end

  # Puppet AST only allows == and !=
  #
  def query_ComparisonExpression(o)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::ILLEGAL_QUERY_EXPRESSION, o) unless ['==', '!='].include? o.operator
  end

  # Allows AND, OR, and checks if left/right are allowed in query.
  def query_BooleanExpression(o)
    query o.left_expr
    query o.right_expr
  end

  def query_ParenthesizedExpression(o)
    query(o.expr)
  end

  def query_VariableExpression(o); end

  def query_QualifiedName(o); end

  def query_LiteralNumber(o); end

  def query_LiteralString(o); end

  def query_LiteralBoolean(o); end

  #---RVALUE CHECKS

  # By default, all expressions are reported as being rvalues
  # Implement specific rvalue checks for those that are not.
  #
  def rvalue_Expression(o); end

  def rvalue_CollectExpression(o)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_RVALUE, o)
  end

  def rvalue_Definition(o)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_RVALUE, o)
  end

  def rvalue_NodeDefinition(o)
    acceptor.accept(Issues::NOT_RVALUE, o)
  end

  def rvalue_UnaryExpression(o)
    rvalue o.expr
  end

  #--IDEM CHECK
  def idem_Object(o)
    false
  end

  def idem_Nop(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_NilClass(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_Literal(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_LiteralList(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_LiteralHash(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_Factory(o)
    idem(o.model)
  end

  def idem_AccessExpression(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_BinaryExpression(o)
    true
  end

  def idem_MatchExpression(o)
    false # can have side effect of setting $n match variables
  end

  def idem_RelationshipExpression(o)
    # Always side effect
    false
  end

  def idem_AssignmentExpression(o)
    # Always side effect
    false
  end

  # Handles UnaryMinusExpression, NotExpression, VariableExpression
  def idem_UnaryExpression(o)
    true
  end

  # Allow (no-effect parentheses) to be used around a productive expression
  def idem_ParenthesizedExpression(o)
    idem(o.expr)
  end

  def idem_RenderExpression(o)
    false
  end

  def idem_RenderStringExpression(o)
    false
  end

  def idem_BlockExpression(o)
    # productive if there is at least one productive expression
    !o.statements.any? { |expr| !idem(expr) }
  end

  # Returns true even though there may be interpolated expressions that have side effect.
  # Report as idem anyway, as it is very bad design to evaluate an interpolated string for its
  # side effect only.
  def idem_ConcatenatedString(o)
    true
  end

  # Heredoc is just a string, but may contain interpolated string (which may have side effects).
  # This is still bad design and should be reported as idem.
  def idem_HeredocExpression(o)
    true
  end

  # May technically have side effects inside the Selector, but this is bad design - treat as idem
  def idem_SelectorExpression(o)
    true
  end

  # An apply expression exists purely for the side effect of applying a
  # catalog somewhere, so it always has side effects
  def idem_ApplyExpression(o)
    false
  end

  def idem_IfExpression(o)
    [o.test, o.then_expr, o.else_expr].all? { |e| idem(e) }
  end

  # Case expression is idem, if test, and all options are idem
  def idem_CaseExpression(o)
    return false unless idem(o.test)

    !o.options.any? { |opt| !idem(opt) }
  end

  # An option is idem if values and the then_expression are idem
  def idem_CaseOption(o)
    return false if o.values.any? { |value| !idem(value) }

    idem(o.then_expr)
  end

  #--- NON POLYMORPH, NON CHECKING CODE

  # Produces string part of something named, or nil if not a QualifiedName or QualifiedReference
  #
  def varname_to_s(o)
    case o
    when Model::QualifiedName
      o.value
    when Model::QualifiedReference
      o.value
    else
      nil
    end
  end
end
end
end
