Split (1)

train · 1.04k rows

text stringlengths 37 1.44k
<s>[INST] <word> body [/INST] 동체 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> serpentine iron implement [/INST] 사행상철기 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The evidence of hominin occupation increased markedly from the latter half of the Mid-Pleistocene in East Asia. The climate then had been mild and pleasant with the influence of Asian monsoons; accordingly, Asian hominins used to depend on plant resources rather than animals under less stressful environmental conditions. [/INST] 동아시아는 후기갱신세 이전까지 대륙성 계절풍의 영향으로 비교적 온화한 환경이 지속되었으며 중기갱신세 후반부터 본격적으로 고인류의 점거 흔적이 활발해지기 시작한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> Ulsan type dwelling [/INST] 울산형주거지 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> In particular, how power relations of the period, which were formed by emphasis on communality, would have been formed and reinforced, and how such a process would have influenced the formation of the identity of individuals and the community, is discussed. [/INST] 특히 공동체의식의 강조를 통해 형성되는 당시의 권력관계가 경관을 통해 어떻게 형성되고 강화되는지, 그리고 그러한 경관의 인식이 개인의 정체성과 취락집단 전체의 정체성에 어떻게 영향을 끼치는지를 시론적으로 살펴보았다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> agriculture [/INST] 농경 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The 1st Stage (middle 3rd century ~ middle-late 4th century) was one where interrelation and negotiations began between Mahan, Baekjae, and Gaya in the Honam region. [/INST] 1단계(3세기 중반∼4세기 중후반)는 호남지역에서 마한과 백제, 가야가 상호관계와 교섭을 시작하는 시기이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> With this study, we were able assume affinity between BSR and the beginning of plant domestication in certain area of East Asia. [/INST] 그렇지만 본 연구를 통해 적어도 동아시아의 일부 지역에서는 BSR이 작물 재배의 시작과 관계가 있었을 가능성을 엿볼 수 있었다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Discussions on the role and leadership strategies of Bronze Age chiefs, and the processes by which regional political economies were formed, need to be open-ended and require plausible modeling and testing using systematically collected information. [/INST] 도작집약화를 둘러 싼 수장층의 역할과 존재양태, 지역적 차원의 정치경제 형성에 관한 논의는 개방형 연구주제로서, 검증 가능한 설명모형 수립과 체계적 정보수집이 뒷받침이 있어야 올바르게 이해될 것임을 강조한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The purpose of this article is to examine how the emergence of the East Asian maritime silk road and the wide-area exchange network played a role in the formation of polities in the southwestern part of the Korean Peninsula. [/INST] 이 글은 중국과의 교류 범위를 한반도 북부와 내륙으로 한정시키는 현재의 접근법이 환황해권의 사회상을 설명하는 데 한계를 가진다는 문제의식 하에, 동아시아 해상실크로드와 광역교류망의 출현이 한반도 남부 정치체 형성과 발전에 어떠한 역할을 하였는지 살펴보는 데 그 목적이 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The quicker the changes come to be, the more important digitizing existing data and management of digital data are. [/INST] 그런 변화의 속도가 빠른 만큼 기존 자료의 디지털 전환 및 디지털 자료관리의 중요성도 급격히 증대되고 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The management of archaeological data could not be exceptional. [/INST] 고고자료와 정보도 예외일 수는 없다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> curved knife [/INST] 곡도 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> main burial [/INST] 매장주체부 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This paper examines patterns of plant utilization at the prehistoric Sannai Maruyama site in northeastern Japan. [/INST] 본 논문의 목적은 동북아시아 충적세 수렵채집인들의 식물이용양식을 이해하기 위한 모델을 제시하는 데에 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Regardless to their ranks, the communities show clear discontinuous distributional patterns of wealth and/or status, and substantial concentration of wealth into small numbers of large households are observed. [/INST] 개별 공동체의 등급에 관계없이 그 내부의 부나 지위는 斷續的인 분포상을 보이며, 소수의 대형가구에 부가 집중되는 현상도 관찰된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Archaeological studies on the Neolithic pottery of the Korean Peninsula have tended to focus on the establishment of chronological frameworks and the identification of regional spheres through the analysis of decorative patterns, while ceramic production technology and distribution have generally remained less researched topics. [/INST] 신석기시대 토기에 관한 그간의 고고학적 연구는 문양분석을 통한 편년확립 및 지역상 파악에 주로 치중되어 왔으며, 토기 생산기술이나 유통양상에 관한 논의는 그리 활발하지 않은 편이었다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> East German archaeology attempted to prove the developing process of history and its Marxist principles based upon material culture and to examine the historic value of inherent specific cultural heritage based on criteria regarding how it corresponded to socialism and contributed to the development of socialism. [/INST] 구 동독에서는 맑스주의의 사적 유물론에 입각한 역사의 합법칙적 발전 과정을 물질 자료를 통해 입증하려는 시도와 함께 과거의 문화유산이 갖고 있는 역사적 가치를 사회주의의 이념에 충실하거나 혹은 그 발전에 기여한 정도에 따라 평가하고자 하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> To do so, archaeological expectations of migration and diffusion are proposed. [/INST] 그 방안으로서, 전파와 이주에 대한 이론적 논의를 통해 양자의 고고학적 결과물에 대한 예측치를 제시한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> coil-shaped pottery [/INST] 환상병 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> rod-shaped handle [/INST] 봉상파수 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> (2) in Cheongwon, neck of round-bottomed jars became longer and base of vases increased in diameter, [/INST] 淸原梧倉지역에서는 원저단경호 구연부의 높이가 상대적으로 높아지다가 저부의 형태가 평저화하는 방향으로, 발형토기의 저부가 상대적으로 넓어지는 방향으로 변화가 진행됨을 감지하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It has been a long standing question how the transition of Neolithic to Bronze Age in South Korea processed. [/INST] 남한 신석기-청동기시대 이행과정에 대한 개연적이고 체계적인 설명은 여전히 우리 선사고고학 의 큰 숙제이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> gathering economy [/INST] 획득경제 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Since the Chongokni excavation, understanding site formation processes has been one of the key issues in the Paleolithic studies in Korea. [/INST] 한국 구석기고고학에서는 1980년대 이후 유적형성과정에 대한 이해가 중요한 부분으로 자리 잡았다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> main hall [/INST] 금당 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> Yeonam-dong type dwelling [/INST] 연암동식주거지 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze pole-top bell [/INST] 간두령 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> pottery with lightening design [/INST] 뇌문토기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> mold [/INST] 거푸집 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> After the Second World War ended and Germany was divided, West German archaeology focused on observations of artifacts and sites, cataloging them, and doing research on chronology and distribution following their own traditional methodologies. [/INST] 2차 세계대전이 끝나고 독일이 동서로 분열된 이후 구 서독에서는 전통적인 독일 고고학의 전통을 계승하여 유물·유적의 관찰과 목록화, 그리고 편년과 분포의 확인에 집중하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> single-edged stone axe [/INST] 편인석부 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> microblade [/INST] 세석인 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> stone-piled tomb [/INST] 적석총 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The analysis of the ethnic identity of the Xichagou site requires the comparative examination of the different ethnic groups who occupied northeast China during the last two centuries of the Common Era, such as Puyeo (Fuyu), Ohwan (Wuhuan), Seonbi (Xianbei), and Hyungno (Xiongnu). [/INST] 시차거우 유적의 족속 추정에 관한 연구는 가장 관심과 논란이 되는 주제이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> statues of twelve zodiac animals [/INST] 십이지신상 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Although it would have been true that the appearance of slender daggers led to the dramatic development of bronze technology, it is unlikely that it resulted directly in the disappearance of the Songgukri culture. [/INST] 세형동검의 등장이 청동기의 비약적 발전을 가져온 것은 사실 일 것이나, 이것이 기존 송국리유형의 와해를 가져오는 것은 아닌 것으로 생각된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> upper body armour [/INST] 흉갑 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Since the beginning of the 21st century, how to understand the earliest part of the Korean Bronze Age has been a hot issue and at its center is the Incipient Bronze Age. [/INST] 2000년대 들어 청동기시대 가장 이른 시기의 고고학적 양상에 대한 논의가 활발히 전개되어 오고 있는데, 이 중심에는 조기청동기시대의 설정이 자리잡고 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> I attempt at dealing with the problems related to the changes of Bronze Age settlement patterns in Sejong Metropolitan Autonomous City, in varying levels. [/INST] 본고는 세종특별자치시 경내 청동기시대 취락의 변천에 관련된 문제를 세 차원 또는 수준에서 다루어보고자 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> spangle [/INST] 영락 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> waist pit [/INST] 요갱 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> repeated block pattern [/INST] 구획반복문 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> small jar with two knobs [/INST] 양뉴부소옹 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Based on the results of the wood charcoal analysis and the experimental charring of fresh wood, this study argues that the disappearance of wood taxa in the later phase is more likely to be related to changes in plant utilization by the Sannai Maruyama occupants, rather than due to a hypothetical deforestation process around the settlement. [/INST] 목탄 동정과 본고에서 실시한 목재의 탄화실험 결과를 참고하면, 일부 수목의 종자가 늦은 시기의 토양시료에서 검출되지 않는 것은 반드시 유적 주변의 식물상의 변화에 기인한 현상으로 설명하기는 어렵고, 오히려 유적 거주민의 식물 이용 방식 변화와 더욱 밀접한 관련이 있는 것으로 보인다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> stone chamber tomb [/INST] 석실묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Whatever the original idea is, the discussion about the Initial Period of Bronze Age step in the effort to answer the question. [/INST] 당초 의도와는 상관없이 청동기시대 조기에 관련된 논의는 일단 그러한 숙제의 해결에 발을 들여놓게 되었다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> and thus the meaning and the significance of megalithic monuments should be interpreted within such detailed and indigenous historical backgrounds. [/INST] 따라서 구체적이고 고유한 역사적 맥락 안에서 그러한 거석기념물들의 의미와 기능이 해석되어야 하고 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> If these problems arise, responsibility for their resolution would be carried by South Korean archaeologists and governmental institutes. [/INST] 그런데 현재 북한의 조사·관리 역량을 감안하건대, 우려의 불식은 남한 학계나 관계기관의 몫인 듯하다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> height [/INST] 기고 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> chopper [/INST] 외날찍개 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The results of analyses reveal that domestic storage capacity increased in the transition of Early to Middle Bronze Ages. [/INST] 그러한 분석의 결과, 오히려 가내 저장량은 전기에서 중기로 넘어오면서 증대되는 것으로 판단된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> buddhist temple [/INST] 사찰 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> dewelling [/INST] 주거지 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> incised thick line pattern [/INST] 태선침선문 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Larger leaf-shaped points were collected from Jung-dong, Juknae-ri and Wolpyeong which can be compared with previous collections from Seokjang-ri and Daejeong-dong, which could be dated back to 20,000 cal BC in their appearance. [/INST] 또한 월평과 죽내리, 중동 등지에서 나온 버들잎모양의 창끝찌르개를 석장리와 대정동 등지에서 수습된 유물과 비교한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> lute [/INST] 봉니 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This methodological shift is likely to spur the changes in theoretical orientation of Korean mortuary archaeology. [/INST] 이런 방법론적 전환이 인식 변화의 토대를 제공하게 된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Various cultural groups existed due to the movement of diverse races and mixed bloods around Siberia over the long haul. [/INST] 시베리아 일대는 오랜 기간에 걸쳐 여러 인종의 이동과 혼혈로 다양한 문화집단이 존재하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> As already known, war chariot, which was developed in the area of Pontic-Caspian steppe approximately in 2000 BC, is likely to spread out to the West (Mesopotamia and Egypt, and Europe), to the South (India) and to the East (China). [/INST] 주지하다시피 대략 기원전 2000년경에 흑해-카스피 해 연안 스텝지역에서 등장한 전차는 서쪽으로는 메소포타미아와 이집트, 그리고 유럽으로, 그리고 남쪽과 동쪽으로는 인도와 중국으로 확산되어 간 것으로 추정된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> stone pestle [/INST] 절구공이 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> tomb [/INST] 고분 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> So-called ‘contextual approaches’ in archaeology have plausibly explained the incompatibilities and made the dynamics of past sociocultural processes conspicuous. [/INST] ‘맥락적 이해’의 이름 아래 행해지는 고고학적 시도는 그러한 상충을 개연적으로 설명함은 물론, 복원된 과거의 역동적 측면을 부각하고 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> pot [/INST] 발 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> point [/INST] 봉부 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> roof tile [/INST] 기와 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> Joseon [/INST] 조선 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Feeling uncomfortable to that, I attempt at seeking for possibility and practical pathways to take part in current local/regional history discussion. [/INST] 이런 점에 불편을 느끼면서, 본고는 선사 및 고대에 대한 고고학의 서술이 현재의 지역사 담론에 참여할 수 있는 가능성과 실천 경로 탐색을 시도한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This occurs when the distribution of resources is spatially heterogeneous. [/INST] 이러한 생계경제방식은 주요한 식료자원이 공간상에 비균질적으로 분포할 때 효과적일 것으로 예상된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> cave site [/INST] 동굴유적 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze double-head bell [/INST] 쌍두령 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It is not recent that archaeological description becomes the first chapter of local history. [/INST] 고고학이 지방을 대상으로 한 역사서술의 서두를 장식해온 것은최근의 일만은 아니다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Importantly, bifacially retouched points were notable as they were unearthed from Seodu-ri and Oji-ri. [/INST] 그 결과 이 시기 석기군에서는 여전히 돌날과 세석기가 보이지만, 서두리와 오지리 등지에서는 양면을 정교하게 잔손질한 찌르개, 또는 돌화살촉이 알려졌음을 주목한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The appearances of people, land animals such as deer, sea animals such as sharks, and geometric patterns throughout the Neolithic Age to the historic age, enable us to estimate the appearance and conscious structure of people living around Salavolino over a long period. [/INST] 신석기시대부터 역사시대에 이르는 사람?사슴 등의 육지동물, 상어 등의 수상동물, 기하학문양 등은 오랜 기간 샬라볼리노 주변에 생활하던 사람들의 모습과 의식구조를 짐작하게 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Arguing that the reconstruction of vessel volume is an important part of archaeological pottery studies, we attempt to provide a systematic means of estimating the volume of a parent vessel from its respective sherds. [/INST] 본고는 토기에 대한 다방면의 고고학연구에서 체계적인 용량복원이 중요함을 피력하면서, 불완전한 파편으로부터도 용량을 추정할 수 있는 방법을 모색해본다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> review of research history [/INST] 연구사 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> exchange [/INST] 교환 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> open kiln [/INST] 노천요 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Especially, these studies contribute much to reconstructing past societies and understanding social complexity. [/INST] 특히 과거사회를 복원하고 사회복합화 과정을 규명하고자 하는 연구경향은 한국고고학의 발전에 많은 공헌을 하고 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> lattice pattern [/INST] 격자문 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> helmet [/INST] 투구 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> In addition, it can be proposed that this stage was when social stratification between those buried within the group tomb, and between different group tombs, appeared in earnest. [/INST] 또한 군집묘 내부와 군집묘 간의 사회적 계층화가 본격 출현하는 시점도 이 단계로 볼 수 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> As one of the leading search engines, Google has firmly established its dominance in the current information society. [/INST] 콘텐츠의 방대성, 접근의 용이성으로서 지식 정보 사회에서 검색 엔진(검색 서비스) 구글(Google)의 위치는 독보적이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Our target, specially, would be Songgukri-type dwelling that has not been focused in previous research. [/INST] 특히 기존 연구들이 방형계 주거만을 대상으로 한 것과는 달리 원형계 주거, 대표적으로 松菊里式住居 를 그 대상으로 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> long-neck jar [/INST] 장경호 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> oracle bone [/INST] 복골 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> 2) The southeastern suburb group includes palaeolithic sites like Pyeongchangri and Samri in Yongin, Seongnam, and Gwangju. [/INST] 2) 서울 동남 외곽 지역은 용인, 성남, 광주 지역을 포함하며 평창리, 삼리 등의 유적이 분포한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> However, the changes seen in the City seem not compatible with what is commonly witnessed in Hoseo Region?population growth, rigorous spread of wet-rice farming, expanding formation of household clusters. [/INST] 그런데 그러한 변화는 호서지역 전-중기 전이과정의 일반적인 경향?인구의 증가, 수도작의 본격적 확산, 가구군 형성의 확대?에는오히려 역행하는 것들이 적지 않다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> That is to say, any attempts to unveil the origin of a nation or the early or ancient state, and to mark the territory of a polity through the researches on typology and distribution of specific archaeological artefacts and sites and the emergence of classification, as well as the researches based upon nationalism, seem necessary as a basic starting platform for any further researches in a sense. However, in the case that the overemphasis is laid on these types of research, the various aspects of material culture change could be ignored and it is not easy to justify those approaches in methodological terms. [/INST] 따라서 이 연구에서는 기존의 논의들에 대해 고고학 이론과 실제의 측면에서 근본적으로 문제제기를 함으로써 우리가 암묵적으로 받아들이거나 전제해 왔던 일종의 연구패러다임 혹은 명제, 특히 민족주의적 시각에 기반한 연구들이 사실은 매우 의심할 만한 여지가 많으며 동시에 비판적으로 음미되고 결국 극복되어야 한다는 점을 제기하고자 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> child burial [/INST] 유아묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> In this article, I emphasise that burials may not be a good tool with which to consider the static aspects (i.e. social structure) of society. This is because burials are constructed by the living for the living, as well as for the dead. [/INST] 예를 들어 무덤은 해당 사회의 정태적인 단면을 보여주는 자료가 아닐 수 있으며, 무덤은 죽은 사람뿐만 아니라 살아있는 사람을 위해서, 그리고 살아있는 사람에 의해서 만들어진다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> pottery with round clay band rim [/INST] 원형점토대토기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> fixing roof tile [/INST] 착고 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The paper discusses a few problems based on the simulations of hypothetical radiocarbon dates. [/INST] 본고에서는 탄소연대의 시뮬레이션에근거하여 몇 가지 문제점을 실증적으로 제기하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> temporary settlement [/INST] 단기주거 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Lithic raw material analysis is a largely unexplored field in Korean Paleolithic studies. [/INST] 그 동안 한국 구석기고고학 연구에서 석재에 대한 분석은 별로 이루어지지 못하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> the number of palaeolithic localities in the Korean Peninsula rapidly increased during the short, warm MIS 3. [/INST] 그리고 MIS 3기의 짧은 온난기 동안에 한반도를 포함한 대다수의 구석기 유적이 집중적으로 형성된 것으로 보인다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The results presented in this study showed strong potential of soil samples for broadening our understanding of human past. [/INST] 토양시료에 대한 분석을 바탕으로 지엽적인 추정 이상의 고고학적 고찰을 시도하기 위해서는 데이터의 축적과 더불어, 발굴 맥락에 대한 면밀한 파악에 기반한 체계적인 적용이 요구된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> porcelain [/INST] 자기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> noched and perforated rim pottery [/INST] 구순각목공렬토기 </s>

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